Kuwotcherera makhalidwe ndi kuwotcherera ndondomeko kanasonkhezereka zitsulo chitoliro

Chitoliro chachitsulo chopangidwa ndi chitsulo, chili ndi ubwino wapawiri wa kukana kwa dzimbiri ndi moyo wautali wautumiki, ndipo mtengo wake ndi wochepa, kotero tsopano mlingo wake wogwiritsira ntchito ukukwera kwambiri, koma ogwiritsa ntchito ena samamvetsera pamene kuwotcherera chitoliro chamalata, zovuta zina zosafunikira, ndiye ndizovuta ziti zomwe ziyenera kutsatiridwa powotcherera mapaipi amakanika?

01 Cholinga chake ndikupukuta

Wosanjikiza malata pa weld ayenera kupukutidwa, apo ayi thovu, trachoma, kuwotcherera zabodza, etc. zidzachitika.Zimapangitsanso kuti weld brittle komanso kuchepetsa kuuma.

02 Makhalidwe awotcherera a zitsulo malata

Chitsulo chamalata nthawi zambiri chimakutidwa ndi wosanjikiza wa zinki kunja kwa chitsulo chochepa cha carbon, ndipo chokhuthala nthawi zambiri chimakhala 20um wandiweyani.Zinc ili ndi malo osungunuka a 419 ° C ndi malo owira pafupifupi 908 ° C.Panthawi yowotcherera, zinki amasungunuka kukhala madzi omwe amayandama pamwamba pa dziwe losungunuka kapena pamizu ya weld.Zinc imakhala ndi kusungunuka kwakukulu kolimba muchitsulo, ndipo madzi a zinki amakokolola chitsulo chowotcherera kwambiri m'malire a tirigu, ndipo zinc yokhala ndi malo otsika osungunuka amapanga "kusungunuka kwachitsulo chamadzimadzi".Panthawi imodzimodziyo, zinki ndi chitsulo zimatha kupanga ma intermetallic brittle compounds, ndipo magawowa amachepetsa pulasitiki ya chitsulo chowotcherera ndikuyambitsa ming'alu chifukwa cha kupsinjika maganizo.Ngati ma welds a fillet amawotcherera, makamaka zowotcherera za fillet za T-joints, ming'alu yolowera imatha kuchitika.Pamene kanasonkhezereka zitsulo ndi welded, nthaka wosanjikiza pa poyambira pamwamba ndi m'mphepete adzakhala oxidized, kusungunuka, chamunthuyo ndi woyera utsi ndi nthunzi adzakhala volatilized pansi pa zochita za arc kutentha, amene mosavuta chifukwa weld pores.ZnO yopangidwa chifukwa cha okosijeni imakhala ndi malo osungunuka kwambiri, pamwamba pa 1800 ° C.Ngati magawowo ali ochepa kwambiri panthawi yowotcherera, zidzachititsa kuti ZnO slag ilowetsedwe, komanso nthawi yomweyo.Popeza Zn imakhala deoxidizer.Pangani FeO-MnO kapena FeO-MnO-SiO2 low melting point oxide slag.Kachiwiri, chifukwa cha nthunzi wa zinc, utsi wambiri woyera umasungunuka, womwe umakwiyitsa komanso wovulaza thupi la munthu.Choncho, wosanjikiza kanasonkhezereka pamalo owotcherera ayenera kupukutidwa ndi kutaya.

03 kuwotcherera ndondomeko ulamuliro

The pre-kuwotcherera kukonzekera zitsulo kanasonkhezereka ndi chimodzimodzi ndi wamba otsika mpweya zitsulo.Tikumbukenso kuti poyambira kukula ndi chapafupi kanasonkhezereka wosanjikiza ayenera kusamalira mosamala.Polowera, kukula kwa poyambira kuyenera kukhala koyenera, nthawi zambiri 60 ~ 65 °, ndi kusiyana kwina, nthawi zambiri 1.5 ~ 2.5mm;pofuna kuchepetsa kulowa kwa zinki mu weld, poyambira galvanized mu poyambira akhoza Solder pambuyo wosanjikiza kuchotsedwa.

Mu ntchito yeniyeni, centralized beveling, palibe ndondomeko blub m'mphepete anatengera ulamuliro centralized, ndi awiri wosanjikiza ndondomeko kuwotcherera amachepetsa mwayi wosakwanira malowedwe.Ndodo yowotcherera iyenera kusankhidwa molingana ndi maziko a chitoliro chachitsulo chopangidwa ndi malata.Kwa zitsulo zotsika kwambiri za carbon, ndizofala kwambiri kusankha J422 chifukwa cha kuphweka kwa ntchito.

Kuwotcherera njira: Pamene kuwotcherera woyamba wosanjikiza wa kuwotcherera msoko mu Mipikisano wosanjikiza kuwotcherera, yesetsani kusungunula nthaka wosanjikiza ndi kupanga nthunzi nthunzi nthunzi nthunzi ndi kuthawa kuwotcherera msoko, amene kwambiri kuchepetsa madzi nthaka otsala mu weld msoko.Pamene kuwotcherera fillet weld, yesaninso kusungunula nthaka wosanjikiza pa wosanjikiza woyamba ndi kuti nthunzi nthunzi nthunzi nthunzi kuthawa kuwotcherera.Njirayi ndi kusuntha mapeto a electrode patsogolo pafupifupi 5 ~ 7mm, pamene nthaka wosanjikiza Pambuyo kusungunuka, kubwerera ku malo oyambirira ndi kupitiriza weld patsogolo.Kwa kuwotcherera kopingasa ndi kuwotcherera koyima, ngati ma elekitirodi amfupi a slag monga J427 amagwiritsidwa ntchito, chizolowezi chocheperako chidzakhala chaching'ono;ngati teknoloji yoyendetsa kutsogolo ndi kumbuyo ikugwiritsidwa ntchito, khalidwe lopanda chilema likhoza kupezeka.