1 Mwachidule
Zombo zazikulu zonyamula ziwiya zimakhala ndi mawonekedwe monga kutalika kwakukulu, kuchuluka kwa chidebe, kuthamanga kwambiri, ndi kutseguka kwakukulu, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti pakhale kupsinjika kwakukulu pakati pagawo lanyumbayo.Choncho, zitsulo zazikulu zokhala ndi mphamvu zambiri zimagwiritsidwa ntchito popanga.
Monga njira yowotcherera yowotcherera kwambiri, waya wamtundu umodzi wowotcherera mpweya wamagetsi (EGW) amagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri.Komabe, nthawi zambiri makulidwe apamwamba a mbale amatha kufika 32 ~ 33mm, ndipo sangathe kugwiritsidwa ntchito pazitsulo zazikulu zomwe tazitchula pamwambapa;
Makulidwe a mbale omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito pamawaya awiri a EGW njira nthawi zambiri amakhala pafupifupi 70mm.Komabe, chifukwa chowotcherera chotenthetsera kutentha ndi chachikulu kwambiri, kuonetsetsa kuti ntchito yolumikizirana yowotcherera ikukwaniritsa zofunikira, mbale yachitsulo yomwe ili yoyenera kuwotcherera kutentha kwakukulu iyenera kugwiritsidwa ntchito.
Choncho, popanda kugwiritsa ntchito zitsulo zowotcherera zitsulo zomwe zimatha kutengera kutentha kwakukulu, kuwotcherera kwa matako kwa mbale zazikulu ndi wandiweyani kungathe kugwiritsa ntchito FCAW yamitundu yambiri yamitundu yambiri, ndipo kuwotcherera kumachepa.
Njirayi ndi njira ya FCAW + EGW yophatikizika yopangira kuwotcherera yomwe idapangidwa potengera mawonekedwe omwe ali pamwambapa omwe sangangogwiritsa ntchito EGW pakuwotcherera kwa mbale zazikulu zazikuluzikulu, kupereka kusewera kwathunthu ku zabwino zake zapamwamba, komanso kutengera mawonekedwe a mbale zenizeni zachitsulo. .Ndiko kuti, njira yowotcherera yomwe imagwira ntchito bwino yomwe imagwiritsa ntchito kuwotcherera mbali imodzi ya FCAW pamtunda wokhazikika kuti ikwaniritse mapangidwe am'mbali, ndiyeno imapanga kuwotcherera kwa EGW pamalo osakhazikika.
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2 mfundo zazikulu za FCAW + EGW kuphatikiza njira yowotcherera
(1) Kunenepa mbale
34 ~ 80mm: Ndiko kuti, malire apansi ndi malire apamwamba a makulidwe a mbale ya monofilament EGW;ponena za malire apamwamba, pakali pano sitima yaikulu ya chidebe imagwiritsa ntchito mbale zazikulu zazitsulo zolimba kwambiri kumbali yamkati ndi mbale zakumtunda za chipolopolo.Poganizira kuti makulidwe azitsulo zazitsulo zamitundu yosiyanasiyana ndi zosiyana, zimatsimikiziridwa kukhala 80mm.
(2) Kugawikana makulidwe
Mfundo yogawa makulidwe awotcherera ndikupereka kusewera kwathunthu ku mwayi wapamwamba wa kuwotcherera kwa EGW;pa nthawi yomweyo, tiyenera kuganizira kuti kuchuluka kwa kuwotcherera waikamo zitsulo pakati pa njira ziwiri sayenera amasiyana kwambiri, mwinamwake kudzakhala kovuta kulamulira kuwotcherera mapindikidwe.
(3) kuphatikiza kuwotcherera njira olowa mawonekedwe mawonekedwe
① Groove angle: Pofuna kupewa kuti m'lifupi mwake musakhale wamkulu kwambiri kumbali ya FCAW, poyambirapo ndi yaying'ono moyenerera kuposa ya FCAW ya mbali imodzi yowotcherera, yomwe ndi makulidwe Osiyanasiyana a mbale amafunikira makona osiyanasiyana.Pamene makulidwe mbale ndi 30 ~ 50mm, ndi Y ± 5 °, ndipo pamene makulidwe mbale ndi 51 ~ 80mm, ndi Z± 5 °.
② Kusiyana kwa mizu: Iyenera kutengera zofunikira za njira zonse zowotcherera nthawi imodzi, ndiko kuti, G ± 2mm.
③Mawonekedwe a gasket ogwiritsiridwa ntchito: Ma gaskets amtundu wa triangular sangathe kukwaniritsa zofunikira za mawonekedwe omwe ali pamwambapa chifukwa cha zovuta zamakona.Njira yowotcherera yophatikizikayi imafuna kugwiritsa ntchito ma gaskets ozungulira.Kukula kwake kuyenera kusankhidwa kutengera mtengo wapakati wa msonkhano (onani Chithunzi 1).
(4) Basic mfundo za kumanga kuwotcherera
①Kuphunzitsa kuwotcherera.Ogwira ntchito amafunika kuphunzitsidwa nthawi inayake.Ngakhale ogwira ntchito ndi luso EGW (SG-2 njira) kuwotcherera wamba makulidwe zitsulo mbale ayenera kuphunzitsidwa, chifukwa kayendedwe ka ntchito wa waya kuwotcherera mu dziwe losungunuka ndi osiyana pamene kuwotcherera mbale woonda ndi mbale zazikulu wandiweyani.
②Kuzindikira komaliza.Kuyesa kosawononga (RT kapena UT) kuyenera kugwiritsidwa ntchito kumapeto kwa weld ndi arc stop part kuti muwone zolakwika ndikutsimikizira kukula kwa zolakwikazo.Gouging imagwiritsidwa ntchito kuchotsa zolakwika, ndipo njira zowotcherera za FCAW kapena SMAW zimagwiritsidwa ntchito pokonzanso kuwotcherera.
③Mbale wa Arc.Kutalika kwa mbale ya arc kuyenera kukhala osachepera 50mm.Chimbale cha arc ndi zoyambira zimakhala ndi makulidwe ofanana ndipo zimakhala ndi poyambira womwewo.④ Panthawi yowotcherera, mphepo imayambitsa kusokonezeka kwa mpweya wotchinga, zomwe zimapangitsa kuwonongeka kwa pore mu weld, ndipo kulowetsedwa kwa nayitrogeni mumlengalenga kumayambitsa kusagwira bwino kwa mgwirizano, motero njira zotetezera mphepo ziyenera kuchitidwa.
3 Njira yoyesera ndi kuvomereza
(1) Zida zoyesera
Ma mbale oyesera ndi zida zowotcherera zikuwonetsedwa mu Gulu 1
(2) Zowotcherera magawo
Malo owotcherera ndi 3G, ndipo magawo ake akuwotcherera akuwonetsedwa mu Table 2.
(3) Zotsatira za mayeso
Kuyesaku kunachitika motsatira malamulo a LR ndi CCS komanso kuyang'aniridwa ndi wowunika.Zotsatira zake ndi izi.
NDT ndi zotsatira: Zotsatira za PT ndizoti m'mphepete mwa ma welds akutsogolo ndi kumbuyo ndi abwino, pamwamba pake ndi osalala, ndipo palibe zowonongeka;Zotsatira za UT ndikuti ma welds onse ali oyenerera pambuyo poyezetsa akupanga (kukumana ndi ISO 5817 level B);Zotsatira za MT ndikuti ma welds akutsogolo ndi kumbuyo akuzindikira zolakwika za maginito Pambuyo poyang'anitsitsa, panalibe zolakwika zowotcherera pamwamba.
(4) Vomerezani mawu omaliza
Pambuyo pakuyesa kwa NDT ndi zida zamakina zidachitika pamalumikizidwe oyezeredwa, zotsatira zake zidakwaniritsa zofunikira za gulu lamagulu ndikuvomereza njirayo.
(5) Kuyerekezera kochita bwino
Kutengera chowotcherera cha 1m kutalika kwa mbale inayake mwachitsanzo, nthawi yowotcherera yomwe imafunikira mbali ziwiri za FCAW kuwotcherera ndi mphindi 250;pamene njira yowotcherera yophatikizika ikugwiritsidwa ntchito, nthawi yowotcherera yofunikira kwa EGW ndi mphindi 18, ndipo nthawi yowotcherera yofunikira kwa FCAW ndi mphindi 125, ndipo nthawi yonse yowotcherera ndi mphindi 143.Njira yowotcherera yophatikiza imapulumutsa pafupifupi 43% ya nthawi yowotcherera poyerekeza ndi kuwotcherera koyambirira kwa mbali ziwiri za FCAW.
4 Mapeto
FCAW + EGW njira yophatikizira kuwotcherera yomwe idapangidwa moyesera sikuti imangogwiritsa ntchito bwino kwambiri pakuwotcherera kwa EGW, komanso imagwirizana ndi mawonekedwe apano a mbale zachitsulo.Ndi njira zamakono kuwotcherera njira luso ndi mkulu kuwotcherera dzuwa ndi kuthekera mkulu.
Monga luso laukadaulo wazowotcherera, kupanga kwake poyambira, kulondola kwa msonkhano, kusankha zinthu, zowotcherera, ndi zina zambiri ndizofunikira ndipo ziyenera kuyendetsedwa mosamalitsa pakukhazikitsa.
Nthawi yotumiza: Feb-22-2024
