Kuyesa kosawononga ndiko kugwiritsa ntchito mawonekedwe a phokoso, kuwala, maginito ndi magetsi kuti azindikire ngati pali vuto kapena inhomogeneity mu chinthu chomwe chiyenera kuyang'aniridwa popanda kuwononga kapena kusokoneza ntchito ya chinthu chomwe chiyenera kuyang'aniridwa, ndi kupereka kukula kwake. , malo, ndi malo a chilema. Nthawi zambiri panjira zonse zaukadaulo zowunikira luso la chinthu choyang'aniridwa (monga ngati ndi woyenerera kapena ayi, moyo wotsalira, ndi zina zotero)
Njira zoyezetsa zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito nthawi zambiri zosawononga: kuyesa kwa ultrasonic (UT), kuyesa kwa maginito (MT), kuyezetsa kwamadzimadzi (PT) ndi kuyesa kwa X-ray (RT).
Akupanga kuyezetsa
UT (Ultrasonic Testing) ndi imodzi mwamayesero osawononga mafakitale. Pamene mafunde a ultrasonic alowa m'chinthu ndikukumana ndi vuto, gawo lina la phokoso limawonekera, ndipo wotumiza ndi wolandira akhoza kusanthula funde lomwe likuwonekera, ndipo chilemacho chikhoza kudziwika molondola kwambiri. Ndipo imatha kuwonetsa malo ndi kukula kwa zolakwika zamkati, kuyeza makulidwe azinthu, ndi zina.
Ubwino wa kuyesa kwa ultrasonic:
1. Kuthekera kwakukulu kolowera, mwachitsanzo, kuya kwakuya kwachitsulo kungathe kufika mamita oposa 1;
2. Zowonongeka za planar monga ming'alu, interlayers, ndi zina zotero, chidziwitso chodziwikiratu ndi chapamwamba, ndipo kuya kwake ndi kukula kwake kwa zolakwika kungayesedwe;
3. Zida ndi zonyamula, ntchitoyo ndi yotetezeka, ndipo n'zosavuta kuzindikira kuyendera kokha.
zoperewera:
Sikophweka kuyendera workpieces ndi akalumikidzidwa zovuta, ndi pamwamba kuti anayendera chofunika ndi mlingo winawake wa kusalala, ndi kusiyana pakati kafukufuku ndi pamwamba kufufuzidwa ayenera kudzazidwa couplant kuonetsetsa zokwanira lamayimbidwe lumikiza.
Kuyesa kwa Magnetic Particle
Choyamba, tiyeni timvetsetse mfundo yoyesera maginito. Pambuyo pa ferromagnetic material ndi workpiece ndi maginito, chifukwa cha kukhalapo kwa discontinuity, mizere ya maginito pamtunda ndi pafupi ndi pamwamba pa workpiece imasokonezedwa kwanuko, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti maginito atayike, omwe amamwa maginito ufa wogwiritsidwa ntchito pa pamwamba pa workpiece, ndipo amapanga maginito owoneka pansi pa kuwala koyenera. amafufuza, potero akuwonetsa malo, mawonekedwe ndi kukula kwa discontinuity.
Kuthekera ndi malire a kuyesa kwa maginito ndi:
1. Kuwunika kwa tinthu ta maginito ndikoyenera kuzindikira ma discontinuities omwe ndi ang'onoang'ono kukula pamtunda komanso pafupi ndi zinthu za ferromagnetic, ndipo kusiyana kwake ndi kopapatiza kwambiri komanso kovuta kuwona.
2. Kuwunika kwa tinthu ta maginito kumatha kuzindikira magawo osiyanasiyana, komanso kuzindikira mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya magawo.
3. Zowonongeka monga ming'alu, inclusions, hairlines, mawanga oyera, makutu, ozizira ozizira ndi looseness angapezeke.
4. Kuyeza kwa tinthu ta maginito sikungathe kuzindikira zida zachitsulo zosapanga dzimbiri za austenitic ndi ma welds owotcherera ndi ma elekitirodi achitsulo chosapanga dzimbiri cha austenitic, komanso sizingazindikire zinthu zopanda maginito monga mkuwa, aluminiyamu, magnesium ndi titaniyamu. Ndizovuta kupeza ma delaminations ndi mapindikidwe okhala ndi zokopa zozama pamwamba, zokwiriridwa mabowo akuya, ndi ma angles osakwana 20 ° ndi chogwirira ntchito.
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kuyezetsa kolowera kwamadzimadzi
Mfundo yaikulu ya kuyezetsa kolowera kwamadzi ndi yakuti pamwamba pa gawolo atakutidwa ndi utoto wa fulorosenti kapena utoto wamitundu, wolowera amatha kulowa muvuto lotsegula pamtunda pansi pa capillary action kwa nthawi; mutatha kuchotsa zowonjezera zowonjezera pamwamba pa gawolo, woyambitsa A amagwiritsidwa ntchito pamwamba pa gawolo.
Momwemonso, pansi pa zochita za capillary, wojambula amatha kukopa madzi olowera omwe amasungidwa m'chilemacho, ndipo madzi olowera amalowa m'malo ojambulidwa, ndi pansi pa gwero linalake (kuwala kwa ultraviolet kapena kuwala koyera), kufufuza kwa madzi olowera pachilema akuwonetsedwa , (fluorescence yachikasu-wobiriwira kapena ofiira owala), kuti azindikire morphology ndi kugawa zolakwika.
Ubwino woyesera kulowa ndi:
1. Imatha kuzindikira zinthu zosiyanasiyana;
2. Kukhudzika kwakukulu;
3. Chiwonetsero chowoneka bwino, ntchito yabwino komanso mtengo wotsika wozindikira.
Zoyipa zoyesa kulowa ndi:
1. Sikoyenera kuyang'ana ma workpieces opangidwa ndi porous lotayirira zipangizo ndi workpieces ndi pamwamba akhakula;
2. Kuyesa kulowa mkati kumangowona kugawidwa kwapadziko lapansi kwa zolakwika, ndipo n'zovuta kudziwa kukula kwenikweni kwa zolakwika, choncho n'zovuta kupanga kuwunika kochuluka kwa zolakwika. Zotsatira zodziwika zimakhudzidwanso kwambiri ndi wogwiritsa ntchito.
Kuwunika kwa X-ray
Chomaliza, kudziwika kwa ray, ndi chifukwa X-ray idzatayika pambuyo podutsa chinthu chowotchedwa, ndipo zipangizo zosiyana zokhala ndi makulidwe osiyanasiyana zimakhala ndi mayamwidwe osiyanasiyana kwa iwo, ndipo filimu yolakwika imayikidwa kumbali ina ya chinthu chowotchedwa. zomwe zingakhale zosiyana chifukwa cha mphamvu zosiyanasiyana za ray. Zithunzi zofananira zimapangidwira, ndipo owunikirawo amatha kuweruza ngati pali cholakwika mkati mwa chinthucho komanso chikhalidwe cha cholakwikacho malinga ndi chithunzicho.
Kugwiritsa ntchito ndi malire pakuyesa kwa radiographic:
1. Ndizovuta kwambiri kuzindikira zolakwika zamtundu wa voliyumu, ndipo ndizosavuta kuwonetsa zolakwikazo.
2. Ma radiographic negatives ndi osavuta kusunga komanso kukhala ndi traceability.
3. Onetsani mawonekedwe ndi mtundu wa zolakwika.
4. Choyipa ndichakuti kuya kwakuya kwachilema sikungapezeke. Pa nthawi yomweyi, makulidwe ozindikira amakhala ochepa. Filimu yoipayi iyenera kutsukidwa mwapadera, ndipo imakhala yovulaza thupi la munthu, ndipo mtengo wake ndi wapamwamba.
Zonsezi, kuzindikira zolakwika za akupanga ndi X-ray ndizoyenera kuzindikira zolakwika zamkati; mwa iwo, akupanga ndi oyenera mbali ndi wokhazikika mawonekedwe oposa 5mm, ndi X-ray sangathe kupeza m'manda kuya kwa zolakwika ndi cheza. Tinthu ta maginito ndi kuyezetsa kolowera ndi koyenera kuzindikira zolakwika zamagulu; Pakati pawo, kuyezetsa kwa tinthu tating'onoting'ono kumangopezeka pakuzindikira zida zamaginito, ndipo kuyesa kolowera kumangoyang'ana zolakwika zomwe zimatseguka.
Nthawi yotumiza: Jun-21-2023
