Kuwotchera ndikofunikira m'mafakitale ambiri. Kusakaniza ndikusintha zitsulo kuti zikhale zowoneka bwino komanso zogulitsa zimafunikira akatswiri aluso omwe aphunzira luso lawo kuyambira pakuphunzitsidwa kupita kuukadaulo kuyambira pachiyambi. Kusamala mwatsatanetsatane kumapangitsa wowotcherera wamkulu, ndipo kuwotcherera kwakukulu kumayamikiridwa kwambiri m'masitolo ambiri opanga zinthu. Pamene makina akupitilirabe ntchito zaluso, kuwotcherera kumakhalabe luso lomwe silingakhazikitsidwe kwathunthu, ndipo ma welder ophunzitsidwa nthawi zonse amafunikira.
Kuwotcherera Ndodo/Arc Welding (SMAW)
Kuwotcherera ndodo kumadziwikanso kuti shielded metal arc welding (SMAW). Mu njira iyi yowotcherera, wowotcherera amagwiritsira ntchito ndodo yowotcherera pamanja, pogwiritsa ntchito mphamvu yamagetsi kuti apange arc pakati pa ndodo ndi zitsulo zoti zigwirizane. Njira imeneyi imagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri pomanga zitsulo komanso kupanga mafakitale kuti aziwotcherera zitsulo. Wowotcherera wogwiritsa ntchito njirayi ayenera kukhala waluso mokwanira kuti adutse chitsulo chowotcherera poyeserera kowononga. Njira iyi ndiyosavuta kuphunzira, koma imafunikira nthawi yayitali yophunzirira kuti mukhale katswiri. Kuwotcherera ndodo sikumapangitsanso kumaliza kokongola kwambiri, kotero kumakhala bwino kusungidwira zowotcherera zomwe sizikuwoneka pazomalizidwa. Njirayi ndi yabwino kwambiri pokonza zida chifukwa imagwira ntchito pamalo ochita dzimbiri, utoto komanso zakuda.
Metal inert gas (MIG) kuwotcherera kapena GMAW
Gas Metal Arc Welding (GMAW) imadziwikanso kuti MIG (Metal Inert Gas) kuwotcherera. Njira yowotcherera iyi imagwiritsa ntchito gasi wotchingira pamagetsi ndi ma elekitirodi ndikutenthetsa zitsulo ziwiri kuti zilumikizidwe. Njirayi imafuna voteji yosalekeza kuchokera kugwero lamagetsi la DC ndipo ndiyo njira yowotcherera yomwe imagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri m'mafakitale. Njira imeneyi ndi yabwino kuwotcherera chitsulo chokhuthala kukhala chopingasa.
Tungsten Inert Gas (TIG) Welding (GTAW)
Gas tungsten shielded welding (GTAW), yomwe imadziwikanso kuti TIG (tungsten inert gesi) kuwotcherera, imagwiritsidwa ntchito powotcherera pamodzi zigawo zokhuthala zachitsulo chosapanga dzimbiri kapena zitsulo zopanda chitsulo. Iyi ndi njira ina yowotcherera ya arc yomwe imawotcherera ndi electrode ya tungsten yokhazikika, koma njirayi imatenga nthawi yambiri kuposa ndodo kapena kuwotcherera kwa MIG. Kupangidwa kwa chitsulo choyambira ndikofunikira kwambiri mukamagwiritsa ntchito njirayi, chifukwa kuchuluka kwa chromium kumakhudza kutentha kosungunuka. Kuwotcherera kotereku kungatheke popanda zitsulo zodzaza. Chifukwa cha kuyenda kwa gasi kosalekeza kumafunika, njirayi imachitidwa bwino m'chipinda chotalikirana ndi zinthu. Kuwotcherera kwa TIG kumapanga zowotcherera zokongola, koma ndikovuta kuzidziwa bwino ndipo kumafuna wowotcherera wodziwa komanso waluso.
Flux cored arc kuwotcherera
Flux cored arc welding (FCAW) idapangidwa ngati njira ina yowotcherera yotchinga. Njirayi ndi yachangu komanso yonyamula, ndipo ndiyo njira yomwe imagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri pomanga. Amagwiritsidwa ntchito m'mapulojekiti osiyanasiyana owotcherera ndipo amapereka kusinthasintha kwakukulu pamakona, magetsi, polarity ndi liwiro. Kuwotcherera kwamtunduwu kumachitidwa bwino kunja kapena pansi pa fume hood chifukwa kumapanga utsi wambiri panthawiyi.
Mosasamala kanthu za mtundu wa kuwotcherera womwe umagwiritsidwa ntchito popanga zitsulo, ndikofunikira kukhala ndi wowotcherera waluso yemwe amamvetsetsa zovuta za njira iliyonse komanso zitsulo zomwe amagwira nazo. Malo ogulitsa zitsulo zopangidwa ndi zitsulo zabwino kwambiri adzakhala ndi gulu lamphamvu la owotchera omwe amanyadira luso lawo ndipo akhoza kulangiza mtundu wabwino kwambiri wa weld pa ntchito iliyonse.
Nthawi yotumiza: Apr-07-2023
