1. Kuwotcherera kwa laser
Kuwotcherera kwa laser: Kutentha kwa laser kumatenthetsa pamwamba kuti kukonzedwa, ndipo kutentha kwapamtunda kumafalikira mkati kudzera pakuwongolera kutentha. Poyang'anira magawo a laser monga kukula kwa laser pulse, mphamvu, mphamvu yapamwamba ndi kubwerezabwereza pafupipafupi, workpiece imasungunuka kuti ipange dziwe losungunuka.
▲ Malo kuwotcherera mbali zowotcherera
▲ kuwotcherera laser mosalekeza
Kuwotcherera kwa laser kumatha kutheka pogwiritsa ntchito matabwa a laser mosalekeza kapena othamanga. Mfundo laser kuwotcherera akhoza kugawidwa mu kutentha conduction kuwotcherera ndi laser kuwotcherera kwambiri malowedwe. Pamene kachulukidwe mphamvu ndi zosakwana 10 ~ 10 W/cm, ndi kutentha conduction kuwotcherera, pamene malowedwe kuya ndi osaya ndi kuwotcherera liwiro wodekha; pamene kachulukidwe mphamvu ndi wamkulu kuposa 10 ~ 10 W/cm, zitsulo pamwamba ndi concave mu "dzenje" chifukwa cha kutentha, kupanga kulowa kulowa weld, amene ali ndi makhalidwe a liwiro kuwotcherera mofulumira ndi lalikulu kuya-m'lifupi. chiŵerengero.
Zida zowotcherera za Xinfa zili ndi mawonekedwe apamwamba komanso otsika mtengo. Kuti mudziwe zambiri, chonde pitani:Opanga Kuwotcherera & Kudula - China Welding & Cutting Factory & Suppliers (xinfatools.com)
Ukadaulo wowotcherera wa laser umagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri m'magawo opanga zolondola kwambiri monga magalimoto, zombo, ndege, ndi njanji zothamanga kwambiri. Zabweretsa kusintha kwakukulu kwa moyo wa anthu ndipo zatsogolera makampani opanga zida zapakhomo m'nthawi yopanga zinthu molondola.
Makamaka Volkswagen atapanga ukadaulo wowotcherera wamamita 42, womwe udathandizira kwambiri kukhulupirika ndi kukhazikika kwa thupi lagalimoto, Haier Gulu, kampani yotsogola yapanyumba, idakhazikitsa makina ochapira oyamba opangidwa ndiukadaulo wowotcherera wopanda laser. Ukadaulo waukadaulo wa laser ukhoza kubweretsa kusintha kwakukulu m'miyoyo ya anthu. 2
2. Wowotcherera wosakanizidwa wa laser
Laser hybrid kuwotcherera ndi kuphatikiza kwa laser mtengo kuwotcherera ndi luso kuwotcherera MIG kuti mukwaniritse bwino kwambiri kuwotcherera, kufulumira komanso kuwotcherera kutha kwa bridging, ndipo pakadali pano ndiyo njira yapamwamba kwambiri yowotcherera.
Ubwino wa kuwotcherera kwa laser wosakanizidwa ndi: kuthamanga kwachangu, mapindikidwe ang'onoang'ono otentha, malo ang'onoang'ono omwe amakhudzidwa ndi kutentha, ndikuwonetsetsa mawonekedwe achitsulo ndi zida zamakina a weld.
Kuphatikiza pa kuwotcherera kwa zigawo zoonda zamagalimoto zamagalimoto, kuwotcherera kwa laser hybrid ndikoyeneranso ntchito zina zambiri. Mwachitsanzo, ukadaulo uwu umagwiritsidwa ntchito popanga mapampu a konkriti ndi ma crane boom amafoni. Njirazi zimafuna kukonza zitsulo zamphamvu kwambiri. Ukadaulo wachikhalidwe nthawi zambiri umachulukitsa ndalama chifukwa chosowa njira zina zothandizira (monga preheating).
Kuphatikiza apo, ukadaulo uwu ungagwiritsidwenso ntchito popanga magalimoto anjanji ndi zida zachitsulo zokhazikika (monga milatho, matanki amafuta, ndi zina).
3. Kukangana kusonkhezera kuwotcherera
Friction stir welding imagwiritsa ntchito kutentha kwa mkangano ndi kutentha kwa pulasitiki ngati gwero la kutentha. Njira yowotcherera yowotcherera ndiyoti singano yosonkhezera ya silinda kapena mawonekedwe ena (monga silinda ya ulusi) imalowetsedwa mu mgwirizano wa chogwirira ntchito, ndipo kusinthasintha kothamanga kwa mutu wowotcherera kumapangitsa kuti ifike pachowotcherera chogwirira ntchito. zakuthupi, potero kuwonjezera kutentha kwa zinthu pa kugwirizana gawo ndi kufewetsa izo.
Pa kukangana chipwirikiti kuwotcherera ndondomeko, workpiece ayenera rigidly anakonza pa chothandizira, ndi kuwotcherera mutu azungulira pa liwiro lalikulu pamene kusuntha wachibale workpiece pamodzi olowa workpiece.
Gawo lotuluka la mutu wowotcherera limafikira pazinthu zokangana ndi zokometsa, ndipo phewa la mutu wowotcherera limatulutsa kutentha ndi kugundana ndi pamwamba pa workpiece, ndipo imagwiritsidwa ntchito poletsa kusefukira kwa zinthu za pulasitiki, komanso kuthandizira kuchotsa filimu ya okusayidi pamwamba.
Pamapeto pa chipwirikiti chipwirikiti weld, bowo la kiyi limasiyidwa pa terminal. Nthawi zambiri bowo la kiyi limatha kudulidwa kapena kusindikizidwa ndi njira zina zowotcherera.
Kuwotcherera chipwirikiti kukhoza kuzindikira kuwotcherera pakati pa zinthu zosiyana, monga zitsulo, zoumba, mapulasitiki, etc. Kuwotcherera chipwirikiti kumakhala ndi khalidwe lapamwamba, sikophweka kutulutsa zolakwika, ndipo n'kosavuta kukwaniritsa makina, makina, khalidwe lokhazikika, mtengo wotsika komanso Kuchita bwino kwambiri.
4. Kuwotcherera mtengo wa electron
Electron beam kuwotcherera ndi njira yowotcherera yomwe imagwiritsa ntchito mphamvu ya kutentha yomwe imapangidwa ndi chitsulo chofulumira komanso chokhazikika cha ma elekitironi omwe amawombera chowotcherera chomwe chimayikidwa mu vacuum kapena yopanda vacuum.
Electron mtengo kuwotcherera chimagwiritsidwa ntchito m'mafakitale ambiri monga zakuthambo, mphamvu ya atomiki, chitetezo dziko ndi makampani asilikali, magalimoto, ndi zida zamagetsi ndi magetsi chifukwa cha ubwino wake palibe chifukwa kuwotcherera ndodo, si kosavuta oxidize, wabwino ndondomeko repeatability, ndi kakang'ono matenthedwe mapindikidwe.
Mfundo yogwirira ntchito yowotcherera ma elekitironi
Ma electron amachokera ku emitter (cathode) mumfuti ya elekitironi. Pansi pa mphamvu yamagetsi yothamanga, ma elekitironi amafulumizitsa kufika 0,3 mpaka 0.7 nthawi ya liwiro la kuwala, ndipo amakhala ndi mphamvu inayake ya kinetic. Kenako, kudzera mumchitidwe wa ma lens a electrostatic ndi lens ya electromagnetic mumfuti ya elekitironi, amasinthidwa kukhala mtengo wa elekitironi wokhala ndi kachulukidwe kopambana.
Mtengo wa electron uwu umagunda pamwamba pa ntchito, ndipo mphamvu ya electron kinetic imasandulika kukhala mphamvu ya kutentha, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti zitsulo zisungunuke ndi kusungunuka mofulumira. Pogwiritsa ntchito mpweya wachitsulo wothamanga kwambiri, dzenje laling'ono "lobowola" mofulumira pamwamba pa workpiece, lomwe limatchedwanso "keyhole". Pamene mtengo wa elekitironi ndi workpiece zimayenda wachibale wina ndi mzake, zitsulo zamadzimadzi zimayenda mozungulira dzenje laling'ono kumbuyo kwa dziwe losungunuka, ndikuzizira ndi kulimba kupanga weld.
▲ Makina owotcherera mtengo wa elekitironi
Mbali zazikulu za kuwotcherera kwa ma elekitironi
Mtengo wa ma elekitironi uli ndi mphamvu zolowera mwamphamvu, kachulukidwe kamphamvu kwambiri, kuzama kwakukulu mpaka m'lifupi mwake, mpaka 50: 1, kumatha kuzindikira nthawi imodzi kupanga zinthu zokhuthala, ndipo makulidwe ake amafika 300mm.
Kufikika kwa kuwotcherera kwabwino, kuthamanga kwa kuwotcherera mwachangu, nthawi zambiri kupitilira 1m/mphindi, malo ang'onoang'ono omwe amakhudzidwa ndi kutentha, kapindika kakang'ono kowotcherera, komanso mawonekedwe ake owotcherera kwambiri.
Electron mtengo mphamvu akhoza kusinthidwa, makulidwe a zitsulo welded akhoza kuchokera woonda monga 0.05mm kuti wandiweyani monga 300mm, popanda beveling, nthawi imodzi kuwotcherera kupanga, amene zosatheka ndi njira zina kuwotcherera.
The osiyanasiyana zipangizo kuti welded ndi elekitironi mtengo ndi lalikulu, makamaka oyenera kuwotcherera zitsulo yogwira, zitsulo refractory ndi workpieces ndi zofunika mkulu khalidwe.
5. Akupanga zitsulo kuwotcherera
Akupanga zitsulo kuwotcherera ndi njira yapadera yolumikizira zitsulo zomwezo kapena zosiyana siyana pogwiritsa ntchito makina ogwedezeka amphamvu akupanga pafupipafupi.
Pamene zitsulo ndi ultrasonically welded, palibe panopa kapena mkulu-kutentha kutentha gwero ntchito workpiece. Imangotembenuza mphamvu yakugwedezeka ya chimango kukhala ntchito yokangana, mphamvu yopindika komanso kukwera pang'ono kwa kutentha mu workpiece pansi pa kukanikiza kwa static. Kumangirira kwazitsulo pakati pa zimfundo ndi kuwotcherera kokhazikika komwe kumatheka popanda kusungunula zinthu za makolo.
Imalimbana bwino ndi spatter ndi oxidation phenomena yomwe imapangidwa panthawi yowotcherera. Wowotcherera akupanga zitsulo amatha kupanga kuwotcherera kwa mfundo imodzi, kuwotcherera kwa mfundo zingapo ndi kuwotcherera kwafupikitsa pamawaya opyapyala kapena mapepala owonda azitsulo zopanda chitsulo monga mkuwa, siliva, aluminiyamu ndi faifi tambala. Itha kugwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri pakuwotcherera kwa kutsogolera kwa thyristor, mapepala a fuse, mayendedwe amagetsi, zidutswa za batire ya lithiamu ndi makutu amtengo.
Akupanga zitsulo kuwotcherera kumagwiritsa ntchito mafunde ogwedezeka kwambiri kuti atumize pamwamba pazitsulo kuti aziwotcherera. Pakanikizidwa, zitsulo ziwirizi zimagwedezana wina ndi mzake kuti zigwirizane pakati pa zigawo za maselo.
Ubwino wa akupanga zitsulo kuwotcherera ndi kudya, kupulumutsa mphamvu, mkulu maphatikizidwe mphamvu, madutsidwe wabwino, palibe sparks, ndi pafupi kuzizira processing; kuipa kwake ndikuti zitsulo zowotcherera sizingakhale zonenepa kwambiri (nthawi zambiri zosakwana kapena zofanana ndi 5mm), malo otsekemera sangakhale aakulu kwambiri, ndipo kupanikizika kumafunika.
6. Kuwotcherera kwa matako kung'anima
Mfundo ya kuwotcherera kung'anima matako ndi kugwiritsa ntchito makina owotcherera matako kuti zitsulo pa malekezero onse kukhudzana, kudutsa otsika-voteji amphamvu panopa, ndipo pambuyo zitsulo mkangano ndi kutentha kwina ndi kufewetsa, axial pressure forging ikuchitika kuti apange. cholumikizira matako.
Ma welds awiriwa asanakumane, amamangiriridwa ndi ma elekitirodi awiri a clamp ndikulumikizidwa ndi magetsi. Chotsekereza chosunthika chimasunthidwa, ndipo nkhope zakumapeto za ma welds awiriwo zimalumikizana pang'ono ndikuyatsidwa kuti ziwotche. Malo olumikiziranawo amapanga zitsulo zamadzimadzi chifukwa cha kutentha ndi kuphulika, ndipo zopserezazo zimapopera kuti zipange kuwala. Chingwe chosunthika chimasunthidwa mosalekeza, ndipo zowunikira zimachitika mosalekeza. Mbali ziwiri za weld zimatenthedwa. Pambuyo pofika kutentha kwina, nkhope zomalizira za zida ziwirizo zimafinyidwa, mphamvu yowotcherera imadulidwa, ndipo imagwirizanitsidwa mwamphamvu.
Malo olumikiziranawo amawunikira ndikuwotcha cholumikizira chowotcherera ndi kukana, kusungunula chitsulo chakumapeto kwa chitsulo chowotcherera, ndipo mphamvu yapamwamba imayikidwa mwachangu kuti amalize kuwotcherera.
Rebar flash butt kuwotcherera ndi njira yowotcherera yokakamiza yomwe imayika zotchingira ziwiri mu mawonekedwe olumikizana ndi matako, imagwiritsa ntchito kutentha komwe kumapangidwa ndi kuwotcherera komwe kumadutsa polumikizana ndi mipiringidzo iwiriyo kuti isungunuke chitsulo pamalo olumikizirana, kumatulutsa sipitsi lamphamvu. , imapanga kuwala, imatsagana ndi fungo lopweteka, imatulutsa ma molekyulu, ndipo mwamsanga imagwiritsa ntchito mphamvu yapamwamba kuti imalize ntchitoyi.
Nthawi yotumiza: Aug-21-2024
