Ndikofunikira kuti ogwiritsa ntchito owotcherera atsopano akhazikitse njira zoyenera za MIG kuti akwaniritse zowotcherera zabwino ndikukulitsa zokolola. Njira zabwino zotetezera ndizofunikira, nazonso. Ndikofunikiranso, komabe, kuti odziwa ntchito zowotcherera akumbukire zoyambira kuti apewe kutengera zizolowezi zomwe zitha kusokoneza magwiridwe antchito.
Kuchokera pakugwiritsa ntchito ma ergonomics otetezeka mpaka kugwiritsa ntchito njira yoyenera yamfuti ya MIG ndikuthamanga kwa maulendo owotcherera ndi zina zambiri, njira zabwino zowotcherera za MIG zimapereka zotsatira zabwino. Nawa malangizo.
Ergonomics yoyenera
Wothandizira welding womasuka ndi wotetezeka. Ma ergonomics oyenera ayenera kukhala m'gulu lazinthu zoyamba kukhazikitsa mu MIG (pamodzi ndi zida zodzitetezera, ndithudi).
Wothandizira welding womasuka ndi wotetezeka. Ma ergonomics oyenera ayenera kukhala m'gulu lazoyambira zoyambira pakuwotcherera kwa MIG (pamodzi ndi zida zoyenera zodzitetezera, inde). Ergonomics angatanthauzidwe, mophweka, monga "kafukufuku wa momwe zida zingasankhidwe kuti anthu athe kugwira ntchito kapena ntchito zina moyenera komanso momasuka."1 Kufunika kwa ergonomics kwa wowotcherera kungathe kukhala ndi zotsatira zofika patali. Malo ogwirira ntchito kapena ntchito yomwe imapangitsa wowotcherera kuti afike mobwerezabwereza, kusuntha, kugwira kapena kupindika mosagwirizana ndi chilengedwe, ngakhalenso kukhala mokhazikika kwa nthawi yayitali osapumula. Zonsezi zingayambitse kuvulala kobwerezabwereza komwe kumakhala ndi zotsatira za moyo wonse.
Ma ergonomics oyenera amatha kuteteza ogwiritsa ntchito kuwotcherera kuti asavulale komanso kupititsa patsogolo zokolola komanso phindu la ntchito yowotcherera pochepetsa kusakhalapo kwa antchito.
Njira zina za ergonomic zomwe zingapangitse chitetezo ndi zokolola zikuphatikizapo:
1. Kugwiritsa ntchito mfuti yowotcherera ya MIG yokhala ndi chotchinga chotsekera kuti mupewe "choyambitsa chala". Izi zimachitika chifukwa chogwiritsa ntchito kukakamiza kwa choyambitsa kwa nthawi yayitali.
2. Kugwiritsa ntchito mfuti ya MIG yokhala ndi khosi lotembenuzidwa kuti wothandizira wowotcherera azitha kuyenda mosavuta kuti akafike pamgwirizano ndi zovuta zochepa pa thupi.
3. Kusunga manja pamtunda wa chigongono kapena pansi pang'ono powotcherera.
4. Kuyika ntchito pakati pa chiuno cha wowotcherera ndi mapewa kuti zitsimikizire kuti kuwotcherera kumatsirizidwa moyandikana kwambiri ndi momwe zingathere.
5. Kuchepetsa kupsinjika kwa kubwereza mobwerezabwereza pogwiritsa ntchito mfuti za MIG zokhala ndi ma swivel kumbuyo pa chingwe cha mphamvu.
6. Kugwiritsa ntchito mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya ngodya zogwirira, makona a khosi ndi utali wa khosi kuti dzanja la wowotcherera likhale losalowerera ndale.
Njira yoyenera yogwirira ntchito, ngodya yoyenda komanso kuyenda
Mfuti yowotcherera yoyenera kapena ngodya yogwirira ntchito, ngodya yoyenda ndi njira yowotcherera ya MIG zimadalira makulidwe achitsulo choyambira ndi malo owotcherera. Njira yogwirira ntchito ndi "ubale pakati pa olamulira a elekitirodi ndi ntchito yowotcherera". Ngolo yoyenda imatanthawuza kugwiritsa ntchito njira yokankhira (kuloza komwe mukupita) kapena kokerani, pomwe elekitirodi yaloza mosiyana ndi ulendo. (AWS Welding Handbook 9th Edition Vol 2 Tsamba 184)2.
Malo athyathyathya
Powotcherera cholumikizira cha matako (chophatikiza cha digirii 180), wowotchererayo ayenera kukhala ndi mfuti yowotcherera ya MIG pamakona ogwirira ntchito a digirii 90 (mogwirizana ndi ntchitoyo). Kutengera makulidwe azinthu zoyambira, kanikizani mfutiyo pamakona apakati pa 5 ndi 15 digiri. Ngati chophatikiziracho chimafuna maulendo angapo, kuyenda pang'ono kumbali ndi mbali, kugwira pa zala za weld, kungathandize kudzaza mgwirizano ndi kuchepetsa chiopsezo cha undercutting.
Pa ma T-joints, gwirani mfutiyo pamakona ogwirira ntchito a madigiri 45 ndipo pamiyendo yolumikizira makona ogwirira ntchito mozungulira madigiri 60 ndiyoyenera (madigiri 15 mmwamba kuchokera ku madigiri 45).
Malo opingasa
Pamalo owotcherera opingasa, mbali yogwira ntchito ya madigiri 30 mpaka 60 imagwira ntchito bwino, kutengera mtundu ndi kukula kwa olowa. Cholinga ndi kuteteza zitsulo zodzaza kuti zisagwere kapena kugubuduza pansi pa cholumikizira.
Poyimirira
Kuchokera pakugwiritsa ntchito ma ergonomics otetezeka mpaka kugwiritsa ntchito njira yoyenera yamfuti ya MIG ndi kuthamanga kwa maulendo owotcherera ndi zina zambiri, njira zabwino za MIG zimapereka zotsatira zabwino.
Kwa T-joint, wowotchererayo ayenera kugwiritsa ntchito ngodya yokulirapo pang'ono kuposa madigiri 90 polumikizana. Zindikirani, powotchera pamalo ofukula, pali njira ziwiri: weld mumtunda kapena njira yotsika.
Mayendedwe okwera amagwiritsidwa ntchito ngati zinthu zokhuthala pakafunika kulowa kwambiri. Njira yabwino ya T-Joint ndiyoyitanira mozondoka-pansi V. Njirayi imatsimikizira kuti wowotchererayo amasunga kugwirizana ndi kulowa muzu wa weld, kumene zidutswa ziwirizo zimakumana. Derali ndilo gawo lofunika kwambiri la weld.Njira ina ndiyo kuwotcherera kutsika. Izi ndi otchuka mu makampani chitoliro kwa lotseguka mizu kuwotcherera ndi pamene kuwotcherera woonda n'zotsimikizira zipangizo.
Malo apamwamba
Cholinga chowotcherera cha MIG pamwamba ndikusunga chitsulo chosungunula cholumikizira. Izi zimafuna mayendedwe othamanga kwambiri ndipo ma angles ogwirira ntchito amatsatiridwa ndi malo olowa. Pitirizani kuyenda kwa 5 mpaka 15 digiri. Njira iliyonse yoluka sayenera kukhala yocheperako kuti mkanda ukhale wochepa. Kuti achite bwino kwambiri, wowotchererayo ayenera kukhala pamalo abwino potengera momwe amagwirira ntchito komanso momwe amayendera.
Mawaya omata ndi nsonga yopita kuntchito
Wire stickout idzasintha malinga ndi momwe kuwotcherera. Pa kuwotcherera kwa kagawo kakang'ono, ndi bwino kukhala ndi waya wa 1/4- mpaka 3/8-inch kuti muchepetse spatter. Kutalikirana komwe kumamatira kumawonjezera kukana kwamagetsi, kutsitsa komweko ndikupangitsa spatter. Mukamagwiritsa ntchito kupopera kwa arc, chomata chiyenera kukhala pafupifupi 3/4 inchi.
Kulumikizana koyenera-tip-to-work distance (CTWD) ndikofunikiranso kuti mupeze ntchito yabwino yowotcherera. CTWD yogwiritsidwa ntchito imadalira njira yowotcherera. Mwachitsanzo, mukamagwiritsa ntchito njira yosinthira kupopera, ngati CTWD ndi yayifupi kwambiri, imatha kuyambitsa kuyatsa. Ngati ili lalitali kwambiri, likhoza kuyambitsa kuwotcherera chifukwa chosowa chitetezo chokwanira cha gasi. Pa kuwotcherera kutsitsi, 3/4-inch CTWD ndiyoyenera, pomwe 3/8 mpaka 1/2 inchi ingagwire ntchito yowotcherera pafupipafupi.
Kuwotcherera liwiro kuyenda
Kuthamanga kwaulendo kumakhudza mawonekedwe ndi mtundu wa weld bead pamlingo wofunikira. Ogwiritsa ntchito kuwotcherera adzafunika kudziwa liwiro loyenera lowotcherera powona kukula kwa dziwe la weld potengera makulidwe a olowa.
Ndi liwiro lowotcherera lomwe limakhala lothamanga kwambiri, owotcherera amatha kukhala ndi mkanda wopapatiza, wowoneka bwino komanso wosamangirira bwino zala za weld. Kulowa kosakwanira, kupotoza ndi mikanda yowotcherera yosagwirizana imayamba chifukwa choyenda mwachangu. Kuyenda pang'onopang'ono kumatha kuyambitsa kutentha kwambiri mu weld, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti mkanda wowotcherera ukhale wotambalala kwambiri. Pazinthu zowonda, zimathanso kuyambitsa kuwotcha.
Malingaliro omaliza
Zikafika pakuwongolera chitetezo ndi zokolola, zili kwa wowotcherera wazaka zambiri monga momwe kuwotcherera kwatsopano kukhazikitsa ndikutsata njira yoyenera ya MIG. Kuchita izi kumathandizira kupeŵa kuvulala komwe kungachitike komanso kutsika kosafunikira pakukonzanso ma welds abwino. Kumbukirani kuti sizimawawa konse kuti ogwira ntchito zowotcherera atsitsimutse chidziwitso chawo chokhudza kuwotcherera kwa MIG ndipo zili m'manja mwawo komanso kampani kuti apitirize kutsatira njira zabwino.
Nthawi yotumiza: Jan-02-2023
