Njanji zowongolera zida zamakina nthawi zambiri zimagawidwa m'magulu awa, mukudziwa

Opanga zida zamakina akuchita zonse zomwe angathe kuti awonetsetse kuti njanji yowongolera ikulondola.Isanayambe kukonzedwa njanji yowongolera, njanji yowongolera ndi magawo ogwirira ntchito akhala akukalamba kuti athetse kupsinjika kwamkati.Pofuna kutsimikizira kulondola kwa njanji yowongolera ndikuwonjezera moyo wake wautumiki, scraping ndi njira yodziwika bwino.

1. Linear kalozera njanji

Njira yatsopano yowongolera njanji imalola chida cha makina kuti chikwaniritse liwiro lachakudya chofulumira.Liwiro la spindle likakhala lofanana, chakudya chofulumira chimakhala chizindikiro cha njanji zowongolera.Maupangiri amizere, monga owongolera ndege, ali ndi zigawo ziwiri zofunika;imodzi ndi chigawo chokhazikika chomwe chimagwira ntchito monga chitsogozo, ndipo china ndi chigawo chosuntha.Pofuna kutsimikizira kulondola kwa chida cha makina, kupukuta pang'ono pa bedi kapena mzati ndikofunikira.M'mikhalidwe yabwino, kukhazikitsa kumakhala kosavuta.Palibe sing'anga yapakatikati pakati pa chinthu chosuntha ndi chokhazikika cha kalozera wa mzere, koma mipira yachitsulo yogubuduza.Chifukwa mpira wachitsulo wogubuduza ndi woyenera kuyenda mothamanga kwambiri, uli ndi kagawo kakang'ono kameneka ndi kukhudzika kwakukulu, ukhoza kukwaniritsa zofunikira zamagulu osuntha, monga chogwiritsira ntchito chida cha makina, chonyamulira, ndi zina zotero.

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Ngati nthawi yogwira ntchito ndi yayitali kwambiri, mpira wachitsulo umayamba kuvala, ndipo kulowetsedwa koyambirira pa mpira wachitsulo kumayamba kufooka, zomwe zimapangitsa kuchepa kwa kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe kake.Ngati mukufuna kusunga njanji yolondola, muyenera kusintha njanji yowongolera kapena kusinthanso njanji.Ngati kalozera njanji ali ndi preload zotsatira.Kulondola kwadongosolo kwatayika ndipo njira yokhayo ndikusinthira zinthu zogubuduza.

2. Linear wodzigudubuza kalozera

Dongosolo la kalozera wodzigudubuza ndi kuphatikiza njanji zowongolera ndege ndi njanji zowongolera zozungulira.Zodzigudubuza zimayikidwa pazitsulo zofananira, ndipo zodzigudubuza zimagwiritsidwa ntchito m'malo mwa mipira yachitsulo kunyamula mbali zosuntha za chida cha makina.Ubwino wake ndi malo olumikizirana akulu, kunyamula katundu wamkulu komanso kukhudzika kwakukulu.Kuyang'ana kumbuyo kwa bedi la makina, bulaketi ndi zodzigudubuza zimayikidwa pamwamba ndi pambali pazitsulo zowongolera.Kuti mukwaniritse kulondola kwambiri, mbale ya wedge imayikidwa pakati pa zida zogwirira ntchito zamakina ndi malo amkati a bulaketi kuti alole kuyikapo kuti achitepo mbali ya bulaketi.

Mfundo yogwiritsira ntchito mbale ya wedge ndi yofanana ndi chitsulo chokhazikika, ndi kulemera kwa gawo logwira ntchito lomwe limagwira pamwamba pa bulaketi.Popeza kudzaza koyambira pa njanji yowongolera kumakhala kosinthika, kutayika kwa mbale ya wedge kumalipidwa chifukwa cha izi.Mbaliyi imagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri pazida zapakatikati kapena zazikulu zamakina, chifukwa imayankha mosamalitsa ku malamulo a CNC, imatha kupirira katundu wamkulu, ndipo ili ndi mzere.Makina owongolera odzigudubuza amatha kupirira kuthamanga kwambiri ndikuwongolera magwiridwe antchito a chida cha makina kuposa kalozera wamba wamba.

3. Zopangira zitsulo zowongolera zitsulo

Njira yoyendetsera njanji yomwe imagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri pazida zamakina ndi njanji yopangira zitsulo, yomwe idagwiritsidwa ntchito kalekale.Njanji zokongoletsedwa ndi zitsulo ndi zinthu zokhazikika panjira yowongolera njanji ndipo zimakhala ndi gawo lamakona anayi.Ikhoza kukhazikitsidwa mozungulira pa bedi la chida cha makina, kapena ikhoza kuponyedwa mu chidutswa chimodzi ndi bedi, chomwe chimatchedwa mtundu wazitsulo-zopangidwa ndi zitsulo kapena mtundu wofunikira.Maupangiri opangidwa ndi zitsulo amapangidwa ndi chitsulo chomwe chimakhala cholimba komanso chapansi.

Kuuma kuli pamwamba pa madigiri 60 pa Rockwell hardness scale.Gwiritsani ntchito zomata kapena zomatira (epoxy resin) kuti mumangirire njanji yomata zitsulo pabedi lamakina kapena malo okwererapo pamzati kuti njanjiyo ikhale yosalala bwino.Mu mawonekedwe awa, kukonza ndi kukonzanso ndizosavuta komanso zosavuta, ndipo ndizodziwika kwambiri pakati pa ogwira ntchito yokonza.

4. Sitima yoyenda yolowera

Kupanga njanji zowongolera zachikhalidwe kumawonekera koyamba m'magawo otsetsereka komanso njanji zowongolera.Makhalidwe a njanji zotsetsereka ndikugwiritsa ntchito media pakati pa njanji zolowera ndi magawo otsetsereka.Kusiyanitsa kwa mawonekedwe kuli pakusankhidwa kwa ma media osiyanasiyana.Ma hydraulics amagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri pamakina ambiri anjanji.

Hydrostatic guide njanji ndi imodzi mwa izo.Pansi pa kukakamizidwa, mafuta a hydraulic amalowa mu groove ya chinthu chotsetsereka, ndikupanga filimu yamafuta pakati pa njanji yowongolera ndi sliding element, kulekanitsa njanji yowongolera ndi chinthu chosuntha, motero amachepetsa kwambiri kukangana kwa chinthu chosuntha.Ma njanji owongolera a Hydrostatic ndiwothandiza kwambiri pazolemetsa zazikulu ndipo amakhala ndi chiwongola dzanja pa katundu wa eccentric.

Njira ina ya njanji yowongolera yomwe imagwiritsa ntchito mafuta ngati sing'anga ndi njanji yowongolera mphamvu.Kusiyanitsa pakati pa njanji yowongolera kuthamanga kwa njanji ndi njanji ya static pressure guide ndikuti mafuta samachita mopanikizika.Amagwiritsa ntchito mamasukidwe akayendedwe amafuta kuti apewe kukangana pakati pa chigawo chosuntha ndi njanji yowongolera.Kulumikizana mwachindunji kuli ndi mwayi wopulumutsa pampu yamafuta a hydraulic.

Mpweya ungagwiritsidwenso ntchito ngati sing'anga pakati pa chinthu chosuntha ndi njanji yowongolera.Ilinso ndi mitundu iwiri, njanji ya pneumatic static pressure guide ndi pneumatic dynamic pressure guide njanji.Mfundo yogwirira ntchito ndi yofanana ndi njanji ya hydraulic guide.