Kuwotcherera, komwe kumadziwikanso kuti kuwotcherera kapena kuwotcherera, ndi njira yopanga ndi ukadaulo womwe umagwiritsa ntchito kutentha, kutentha kwambiri kapena kuthamanga kwambiri kuti agwirizane ndi zitsulo kapena zinthu zina za thermoplastic monga mapulasitiki. Malingana ndi momwe zitsulo zimapangidwira komanso momwe zimakhalira, njira zowotcherera zimatha kugawidwa m'magulu atatu: kuwotcherera maphatikizidwe, kuwotcherera kuthamanga ndi kuwotcherera.
Fusion kuwotcherera - Kutenthetsa zogwirira ntchito kuti zilumikizidwe kuti zisungunuke pang'ono kuti zikhale dziwe losungunuka, ndipo dziwe losungunuka limakhazikika ndikulimba musanalumikizane. Ngati ndi kotheka, ma fillers akhoza kuwonjezeredwa kuti athandize
1. Kuwotcherera kwa laser
Kuwotcherera kwa laser kumagwiritsa ntchito mtengo wokhazikika wa laser ngati gwero lamphamvu kuti liwombere chogwirira ntchito ndi kutentha kwa kuwotcherera. Imatha kuwotcherera zida zosiyanasiyana zachitsulo ndi zinthu zomwe sizili zitsulo monga chitsulo cha kaboni, chitsulo cha silicon, aluminiyamu ndi titaniyamu ndi ma aloyi awo, tungsten, molybdenum ndi zitsulo zina zotsutsana ndi zitsulo zosiyana, komanso zoumba, magalasi ndi mapulasitiki. Pakalipano, amagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri pazida zamagetsi, ndege, zakuthambo, zida za nyukiliya ndi zina. Kuwotcherera kwa laser kuli ndi izi:
(1) Kuchulukira kwamphamvu kwa mtengo wa laser ndikwambiri, njira yotenthetsera ndiyofupika kwambiri, zolumikizira zowotchera ndizochepa, malo omwe amakhudzidwa ndi kutentha ndi opapatiza, mapindikidwe owotcherera ndi ang'onoang'ono, ndipo kulondola kwapang'onopang'ono ndikokwera;
(2) Imatha kuwotcherera zinthu zomwe zimakhala zovuta kuziwotcherera pogwiritsa ntchito njira wamba, monga kuwotcherera zitsulo zotayirira monga tungsten, molybdenum, tantalum, ndi zirconium;
(3) Zitsulo zopanda chitsulo zimatha kuwotcherera mumlengalenga popanda mpweya wowonjezera woteteza;
(4) Zida ndi zovuta ndipo mtengo wake ndi wapamwamba.
2. Kuwotcherera gasi
Kuwotcherera gasi kumagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri pakuwotcherera mbale zachitsulo zopyapyala, zida zotsika zosungunuka (zitsulo zosakhala ndi chitsulo ndi ma aloyi awo), zida zachitsulo ndi zida zolimba za aloyi, komanso kukonza kuwotcherera kwa zida zotopa ndi zowonongeka, kukonza moto wagawo. deformation, etc.
3. kuwotcherera arc
Akhoza kugawidwa mu kuwotcherera arc manual ndi kumizidwa arc kuwotcherera
(1) kuwotcherera arc pamanja kumatha kupanga kuwotcherera kwamitundu ingapo monga kuwotcherera lathyathyathya, kuwotcherera molunjika, kuwotcherera kopingasa ndi kuwotcherera pamwamba. Kuphatikiza apo, chifukwa zida zowotcherera za arc ndizosavuta komanso zosinthika pakuwongolera, ntchito zowotcherera zitha kuchitidwa pamalo aliwonse ndi magetsi. Oyenera kuwotcherera zitsulo zosiyanasiyana, makulidwe osiyanasiyana ndi mawonekedwe osiyanasiyana;
(2) kuwotcherera arc pansi pamadzi nthawi zambiri kumakhala koyenera kuwotcherera kwa lathyathyathya, ndipo sikoyenera kuwotcherera mbale zoonda ndi makulidwe osakwana 1mm. Chifukwa cha kulowa kwakuya kwa kuwotcherera kwa arc pansi pamadzi, zokolola zambiri komanso magwiridwe antchito amakina, ndikoyenera kuwotcherera ma weld aatali amitundu yapakatikati ndi yokhuthala. Zida zomwe zimatha kuwotcherera ndi kuwotcherera kwa arc pansi pamadzi zapangidwa kuchokera ku chitsulo chopangidwa ndi mpweya kupita ku chitsulo chochepa cha aloyi, chitsulo chosapanga dzimbiri, chitsulo chosagwira kutentha, ndi zina zambiri, komanso zitsulo zina zopanda chitsulo, monga ma aloyi a faifi tambala, titaniyamu. aloyi, ndi zitsulo zamkuwa.
4. Kuwotcherera gasi
Kuwotcherera kwa Arc komwe kumagwiritsa ntchito mpweya wakunja ngati arc sing'anga ndikuteteza malo otchingira ndi kuwotcherera kumatchedwa kuti kuwotcherera kwa gasi wotetezedwa, kapena kuwotcherera kwa gasi mwachidule. Kuwotcherera magetsi kwa gasi nthawi zambiri kumagawidwa kukhala osasungunuka elekitirodi (tungsten elekitirodi) inert mpweya wotetezedwa kuwotcherera ndi kusungunula elekitirodi mpweya wotetezedwa kuwotcherera, oxidizing osakaniza mpweya wotetezedwa kuwotcherera, CO2 mpweya wotetezedwa kuwotcherera ndi tubular waya mpweya wotetezedwa kuwotcherera malinga ngati elekitirodi ndi chitsulo chosungunuka. ayi ndipo gasi woteteza ndi wosiyana.
Pakati pawo, osasungunuka kwambiri inert mpweya wotetezedwa kuwotcherera angagwiritsidwe ntchito kuwotcherera pafupifupi zitsulo zonse ndi aloyi, koma chifukwa kukwera mtengo, izo nthawi zambiri ntchito kuwotcherera zitsulo sanali achitsulo monga aluminium, magnesium, titaniyamu ndi mkuwa, monga komanso zitsulo zosapanga dzimbiri komanso zitsulo zosagwira kutentha. Kuwonjezera ubwino waukulu sanali kusungunuka elekitirodi mpweya kutetezedwa kuwotcherera (akhoza welded m'malo osiyanasiyana; oyenera kuwotcherera zitsulo zambiri monga zitsulo sanali ferrous, zitsulo zosapanga dzimbiri, kutentha zosagwira zitsulo, mpweya zitsulo, ndi aloyi zitsulo) , Komanso Ilinso ndi ubwino wa liwiro kuwotcherera mofulumira ndi apamwamba mafunsidwe dzuwa.
5. Plasma arc kuwotcherera
Plasma arcs amagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri kuwotcherera, kupenta ndi kuyika pamwamba. Imatha kuwotcherera zinthu zoonda kwambiri (monga kuwotcherera zitsulo zoonda kwambiri zosakwana 1mm).
6. Electroslag kuwotcherera
Electroslag kuwotcherera akhoza kuwotcherera zitsulo zosiyanasiyana mpweya structural, zitsulo otsika aloyi mkulu-mphamvu, zitsulo zosagwira kutentha ndi sing'anga-aloyi zitsulo, ndipo wakhala chimagwiritsidwa ntchito popanga boilers, zotengera kuthamanga, makina olemera, zitsulo zipangizo ndi zombo. Kuphatikiza apo, kuwotcherera kwa electroslag kumatha kugwiritsidwa ntchito poyang'ana malo akulu ndikukonza kuwotcherera.
7. Kuwotcherera mtengo wa electron
Zida zowotcherera ma elekitironi ndizovuta, zodula, ndipo zimafunikira kukonza kwakukulu; zofunika msonkhano wa weldments ndi mkulu, ndipo kukula ndi malire ndi kukula kwa vacuum chipinda; Chitetezo cha X-ray ndichofunika. Electron mtengo kuwotcherera angagwiritsidwe ntchito kuwotcherera zitsulo zambiri ndi aloyi ndi workpieces amafuna mapindikidwe ang'onoang'ono ndi apamwamba. Pakalipano, kuwotcherera kwa ma elekitironi kwagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri pazida zolondola, mamita ndi mafakitale apakompyuta.
Brazing-Kugwiritsa ntchito chitsulo chokhala ndi malo otsika osungunuka kusiyana ndi zitsulo zoyambira monga solder, kugwiritsa ntchito solder yamadzimadzi kunyowetsa zitsulo zoyambira, kudzaza kusiyana, ndi kusakanikirana ndi chitsulo choyambira kuti muzindikire kugwirizana kwa chowotcherera.
1. Kuyaka moto:
Kuwotcha kwamoto ndikoyenera kumangirira zinthu monga chitsulo cha kaboni, chitsulo chosungunuka, mkuwa ndi ma aloyi ake. Lawi la oxyacetylene ndi lawi lomwe limagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri.
2. Kukaniza brazing
Resistance brazing imagawidwa mu kutentha kwachindunji ndi kutentha kosalunjika. Kutentha kosalunjika kukana brazing ndi oyenera brazing wa weldments ndi kusiyana kwakukulu katundu thermophysical ndi kusiyana kwakukulu makulidwe. 3. Induction brazing: Induction brazing imadziwika ndi kutentha kwachangu, kuyendetsa bwino kwambiri, kutentha kwanuko, ndi makina osavuta. Malinga ndi njira yachitetezo, imatha kugawidwa kukhala induction brazing mumlengalenga, induction brazing muchitetezo cha gasi ndi induction brazing mu vacuum.
Kuwotcherera kukakamiza - njira yowotcherera iyenera kukakamiza kuwotcherera, komwe kumagawika kukana kuwotcherera ndi akupanga kuwotcherera.
1. Kukana kuwotcherera
Pali njira zinayi zazikuluzikulu zowotcherera, zomwe ndi kuwotcherera malo, kuwotcherera kwa msoko, kuwotcherera projekiti ndi kuwotcherera matako. Spot kuwotcherera ndi koyenera kwa mamembala odinda komanso okulungidwa a mbale zopyapyala zomwe zimatha kupindika, zolumikizira sizifuna kutsekereza mpweya, ndipo makulidwe ake ndi osakwana 3mm. Kuwotchera kwa seam kumagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri pakuwotcherera mapepala kwa ngoma zamafuta, zitini, ma radiator, ndege ndi matanki amafuta amgalimoto. Kuwotcherera projekiti kumagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri pakuwotcherera zigawo zachitsulo chochepa cha carbon ndi chitsulo chochepa cha aloyi. Makulidwe oyenera kwambiri pakuwotcherera kwa mbale ndi 0.5-4mm.
2. Akupanga kuwotcherera
Akupanga kuwotcherera ndi mfundo yoyenera kuwotcherera kwambiri thermoplastics.
Nthawi yotumiza: Mar-29-2023
