Hatchi yabwino imafunikira chishalo chabwino ndipo imagwiritsa ntchito zida zapamwamba za CNC. Ngati zida zolakwika zikugwiritsidwa ntchito, zidzakhala zopanda ntchito! Kusankha chida choyenera kumakhudza kwambiri moyo wautumiki wa zida, kukonza bwino, kukonza bwino komanso mtengo wokonza. Nkhaniyi imapereka chidziwitso chothandiza pa chidziwitso cha mpeni, sonkhanitsani ndikutumiza, tiyeni tiphunzire pamodzi.
Zida zogwiritsira ntchito ziyenera kukhala ndi zofunikira
Kusankhidwa kwa zida zogwiritsira ntchito kumakhudza kwambiri moyo wa zida, kukonza bwino, kukonza bwino komanso mtengo wokonza. Zida ziyenera kupirira kuthamanga kwambiri, kutentha kwambiri, kukangana, kukhudzidwa ndi kugwedezeka pamene mukudula. Chifukwa chake, zida zopangira zida ziyenera kukhala ndi zinthu zotsatirazi:
(1) Kuuma ndi kukana kuvala. Kuuma kwa chida kuyenera kukhala kokulirapo kuposa kuuma kwa zida zogwirira ntchito, zomwe nthawi zambiri zimafunika kukhala pamwamba pa 60HRC. Kuchuluka kwa kuuma kwa zida za zida, kumapangitsanso kukana kuvala.
(2) Mphamvu ndi kulimba. Zida za zida ziyenera kukhala zamphamvu komanso zolimba kuti zipirire mphamvu zodulira, kugunda ndi kugwedezeka, komanso kupewa kusweka kwa chida ndi kuphulika.
(3) Kukana kutentha. Chidacho chimakhala ndi kukana kwabwino kwa kutentha, chimatha kupirira kutentha kwambiri, komanso chimakhala ndi kukana kwa okosijeni.
(4) Njira yogwirira ntchito ndi chuma. Zida zothandizira ziyenera kukhala ndi ntchito yabwino yopangira, kutentha kwa kutentha, kuwotcherera; ntchito yopera, ndi zina zotero, ndipo iyenera kutsata chiŵerengero chapamwamba chamtengo wapatali.
Mitundu, katundu, mawonekedwe, ndi kagwiritsidwe ntchito ka zida
1. Zida za diamondi
Daimondi ndi allotrope ya carbon ndipo ndi zinthu zovuta kwambiri zomwe zimapezeka m'chilengedwe. Zida zodulira diamondi zimakhala ndi kuuma kwakukulu, kukana kuvala kwambiri komanso kutulutsa kwamafuta kwambiri, ndipo zimagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri pokonza zitsulo zopanda chitsulo ndi zinthu zopanda zitsulo. Makamaka mu kudula kwachangu kwa aluminiyamu ndi silicon-aluminium alloys, zida za diamondi ndi mtundu waukulu wa zida zodulira zomwe zimakhala zovuta kusintha. Zida za diamondi zomwe zimatha kuchita bwino kwambiri, kukhazikika kwakukulu, komanso moyo wautali wautumiki ndizofunika komanso zida zofunika pamakina amakono a CNC.
⑴ Mitundu ya zida za diamondi
① Zida za diamondi zachilengedwe: Ma diamondi achilengedwe akhala akugwiritsidwa ntchito ngati zida zodulira kwazaka mazana ambiri. Zida zachilengedwe za diamondi imodzi ya diamondi zakhala zokonzedwa bwino kuti zipangitse kuti m'mphepete mwake mukhale lakuthwa kwambiri. Utali wa m'mphepete mwake ukhoza kufika ku 0.002μm, womwe ungakwaniritse kudula kopitilira muyeso. Imatha kukonza kulondola kwambiri kwa workpiece komanso kutsika kwamphamvu kwambiri. Ndi chida chodziwika bwino, chabwino komanso chosasinthika chaukadaulo kwambiri.
② Zida zodulira diamondi za PCD: Ma diamondi achilengedwe ndi okwera mtengo. Daimondi yomwe imagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri pakudula ndi diamondi ya polycrystalline (PCD). Kuyambira kumayambiriro kwa zaka za m'ma 1970, diamondi ya polycrystalline (Polycrystauine diamondi, yotchedwa PCD blades) yokonzedwa pogwiritsa ntchito teknoloji yotentha kwambiri komanso yothamanga kwambiri. Pambuyo kupambana kwake, zida zachilengedwe za diamondi zodulira zidasinthidwa ndi diamondi yokumba ya polycrystalline nthawi zambiri. Zida za PCD zimakhala ndi magwero ochuluka, ndipo mtengo wake ndi wochepa chabe mpaka gawo limodzi mwa magawo khumi a diamondi yachilengedwe. Zida zodulira PCD sizingapangidwe kuti zipange zida zakuthwa kwambiri. Ubwino wapamtunda wa m'mphepete mwake ndi chogwirira ntchito chokonzedwa sichili bwino ngati diamondi yachilengedwe. Sikoyenera kupanga masamba a PCD okhala ndi chip breaker m'makampani. Choncho, PCD angagwiritsidwe ntchito mwatsatanetsatane kudula zitsulo sanali chitsulo ndi sanali zitsulo, ndipo n'zovuta kukwaniritsa kopitilira muyeso mwatsatanetsatane kudula. Kudula kalirole kolondola.
③ Zida zodulira diamondi za CVD: Kuyambira kumapeto kwa zaka za m'ma 1970 mpaka koyambirira kwa zaka za m'ma 1980, ukadaulo wa diamondi wa CVD udawonekera ku Japan. Daimondi ya CVD imatanthawuza kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwala a vapor deposition (CVD) kupanga filimu ya diamondi pamatrix osiyanasiyana (monga cemented carbide, ceramics, etc.). Daimondi ya CVD ili ndi mawonekedwe ndi mawonekedwe ofanana ndendende ndi diamondi yachilengedwe. Kuchita kwa diamondi ya CVD kuli pafupi kwambiri ndi diamondi yachilengedwe. Ili ndi ubwino wa diamondi yachilengedwe imodzi ya crystal ndi diamondi ya polycrystalline (PCD), ndipo imagonjetsa zofooka zawo pamlingo wina.
⑵ Mawonekedwe a zida za diamondi
① Kuuma kwambiri komanso kukana kuvala: Daimondi yachilengedwe ndiye chinthu chovuta kwambiri chomwe chimapezeka m'chilengedwe. Diamondi ali ndi kukana kwambiri kuvala. Mukakonza zida zolimba kwambiri, moyo wa zida za diamondi ndi nthawi 10 mpaka 100 kuposa zida za carbide, kapena nthawi zambiri.
② Imakhala ndi choyezera chochepa kwambiri: Mkangano pakati pa diamondi ndi zitsulo zina zopanda chitsulo ndizotsika kuposa zida zina zodulira. Mkangano wa coefficient ndi wotsika, kupindika panthawi yokonza ndi kochepa, ndipo mphamvu yodulira imatha kuchepetsedwa.
③ M'mphepete mwake ndi wakuthwa kwambiri: Mphepete mwa chida cha diamondi imatha kukhala yakuthwa kwambiri. Chida chachilengedwe cha diamondi cha kristalo chachilengedwe chikhoza kukhala chokwera mpaka 0.002 ~ 0.008μm, chomwe chimatha kudula mowonda kwambiri komanso kukonza bwino kwambiri.
④ Kutentha kwapamwamba kwambiri: Daimondi imakhala ndi kutentha kwapamwamba komanso kusinthasintha kwa kutentha, kotero kudula kutentha kumatayika mosavuta ndipo kutentha kwa gawo lodula la chida ndi chochepa.
⑤ Imakhala ndi gawo locheperako lokulitsa kutentha: Kuchulukitsa kwamafuta a diamondi ndi kocheperako kangapo kuposa carbide yomangidwa ndi simenti, ndipo kusintha kwa kukula kwa chida komwe kumachitika chifukwa chodula kutentha ndikochepa kwambiri, komwe ndikofunikira kwambiri pakukonza makina olondola komanso olondola kwambiri. zimafuna kulondola kwapamwamba kwambiri.
⑶ Kugwiritsa ntchito zida za diamondi
Zida za diamondi zimagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri podula bwino komanso kutayira zitsulo zopanda chitsulo komanso zinthu zopanda zitsulo pa liwiro lalikulu. Oyenera pokonza zosiyanasiyana kuvala zosagwira sanali zitsulo, monga opanda kanthu fiberglass ufa zitsulo, zipangizo ceramic, etc.; zitsulo zosiyanasiyana zosamva kuvala zopanda chitsulo, monga ma aloyi osiyanasiyana a silicon-aluminium; ndikumaliza kukonza zitsulo zosiyanasiyana zopanda chitsulo.
Kuipa kwa zida za diamondi ndikuti zimakhala ndi kusakhazikika kwamafuta. Pamene kudula kutentha kuposa 700 ℃ ~ 800 ℃, iwo kwathunthu kutaya kuuma kwawo. Kuphatikiza apo, sizoyenera kudula zitsulo zachitsulo chifukwa diamondi (carbon) imakhudzidwa mosavuta ndi chitsulo pa kutentha kwambiri. Atomiki imasintha maatomu a carbon kukhala ma graphite, ndipo chidacho chimawonongeka mosavuta.
2. Cubic boron nitride chida zida
Cubic boron nitride (CBN), chinthu chachiwiri cholimba kwambiri chopangidwa pogwiritsa ntchito njira yofanana ndi kupanga diamondi, ndi yachiwiri kwa diamondi potengera kuuma komanso kusinthasintha kwamafuta. Ili ndi kukhazikika kwamafuta ndipo imatha kutenthedwa mpaka 10,000C mumlengalenga. Palibe makutidwe ndi okosijeni. CBN ili ndi mankhwala okhazikika kwambiri azitsulo zachitsulo ndipo amatha kugwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri pokonza zitsulo.
⑴ Mitundu ya zida zodulira za cubic boron nitride
Cubic boron nitride (CBN) ndi chinthu chomwe kulibe m'chilengedwe. Imagawidwa kukhala crystal imodzi ndi polycrystalline, yomwe ndi CBN single crystal ndi polycrystalline kiyubiki boron nitride (Polycrystalline kiyubiki bornnitride, PCBN mwachidule). CBN ndi imodzi mwa ma allotropes a boron nitride (BN) ndipo ili ndi mawonekedwe ofanana ndi diamondi.
PCBN (polycrystalline kiyubiki boron nitride) ndi polycrystalline zinthu zimene zabwino CBN zipangizo sintered palimodzi mwa magawo kumanga (TiC, TiN, Al, Ti, etc.) pansi kutentha ndi kukakamizidwa. Pakali pano ndi chinthu chachiwiri cholimba kwambiri chopangidwa mwaluso. Zida za diamondi, pamodzi ndi diamondi, pamodzi zimatchedwa superhard tool material. PCBN imagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri popanga mipeni kapena zida zina.
PCBN kudula zida akhoza kugawidwa mu masamba olimba PCBN ndi masamba gulu PCBN sintered ndi carbide.
PCBN masamba gulu amapangidwa ndi sintering wosanjikiza wa PCBN ndi makulidwe a 0,5 kuti 1.0mm pa carbide simenti ndi mphamvu zabwino ndi kulimba. Kuchita kwake kumaphatikiza kulimba kwabwino ndi kuuma kwakukulu komanso kukana kuvala. Imathetsa mavuto amphamvu yopindika pang'ono komanso kuwotcherera kwa masamba a CBN.
⑵ Zinthu zazikulu ndi mawonekedwe a kiyubiki boron nitride
Ngakhale kuuma kwa cubic boron nitride ndikotsika pang'ono kuposa diamondi, ndikokwera kwambiri kuposa zida zina zolimba kwambiri. Ubwino waukulu wa CBN ndikuti kukhazikika kwake kwamafuta ndikokwera kwambiri kuposa diamondi, kufika kutentha pamwamba pa 1200 ° C (diamondi ndi 700-800 ° C). Ubwino winanso wodabwitsa ndikuti ndi inert mankhwala ndipo samachita ndi chitsulo pa 1200-1300 ° C. anachita. Makhalidwe apamwamba a kiyubiki boron nitride ndi awa.
① Kuuma kwakukulu komanso kukana kuvala: Kapangidwe ka kristalo wa CBN ndi ofanana ndi diamondi, ndipo ali ndi kulimba kofanana ndi mphamvu ya diamondi. PCBN makamaka oyenera pokonza zipangizo mkulu-kuuma kuti akhoza pansi pamaso, ndipo angapeze bwino pamwamba pa workpiece.
② Kukhazikika kwamafuta ambiri: Kutentha kwa CBN kumatha kufika 1400 ~ 1500 ℃, komwe kuli pafupifupi nthawi imodzi kuposa kukana kutentha kwa diamondi (700 ~ 800 ℃). Zida za PCBN zimatha kudula ma aloyi otentha kwambiri ndi zitsulo zowumitsa pa liwiro lalikulu 3 mpaka 5 kuposa zida za carbide.
③ Kukhazikika kwamphamvu kwamankhwala: Ilibe kuyanjana kwamankhwala ndi zida zopangira chitsulo mpaka 1200-1300 ° C, ndipo sizivala mwamphamvu ngati diamondi. Panthawiyi, imatha kukhalabe ndi kuuma kwa carbide yopangidwa ndi simenti; Zida za PCBN ndizoyenera kudula zitsulo zozimitsidwa Zigawo ndi chitsulo chosungunula cha chilled, zitha kugwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri pakudula kothamanga kwachitsulo.
④ Kutentha kwabwino kwa matenthedwe: Ngakhale matenthedwe a CBN sangathe kuyenderana ndi diamondi, matenthedwe a PCBN pakati pa zida zosiyanasiyana ndiwachiwiri kwa diamondi, komanso apamwamba kwambiri kuposa chitsulo chothamanga kwambiri ndi carbide yomangidwa.
⑤ Lili ndi chigawo chochepa cha mikangano: Kuthamanga kwapansi kungapangitse kuchepetsa mphamvu yodula panthawi yodula, kuchepetsa kutentha kwa kutentha, ndi kusintha kwapamwamba kwa makina opangidwa ndi makina.
⑶ Kugwiritsa ntchito zida zodulira za cubic boron nitride
Cubic boron nitride ndiyoyenera kumalizitsa zida zosiyanasiyana zovuta kuzidula monga chitsulo chozimitsidwa, chitsulo cholimba, ma aloyi otentha kwambiri, carbide yolimba, ndi zida zopopera pamwamba. Kulondola kwa kukonza kumatha kufika IT5 (dzenje ndi IT6), ndipo mtengo wa roughness pamwamba ukhoza kukhala wocheperako ngati Ra1.25 ~ 0.20μm.
Chida cha cubic boron nitride chili ndi kulimba kosalimba komanso mphamvu yopindika. Choncho, kiyubiki boron nitride kutembenuza zida si oyenera Machining akhakula pa liwiro otsika ndi mkulu mphamvu katundu; nthawi yomweyo, sizoyenera kudula zida zokhala ndi mapulasitiki apamwamba (monga ma aloyi a aluminiyamu, ma aloyi amkuwa, ma aloyi opangidwa ndi faifi tambala, zitsulo zokhala ndi mapulasitiki apamwamba, ndi zina), chifukwa kudula m'mphepete mwa Serious kudzachitika pogwira ntchito. ndi zitsulo, kuwonongeka kwa makina.
3. zida za ceramic zida
Zida zodulira ceramic zimakhala ndi mawonekedwe olimba kwambiri, kukana kuvala bwino, kukana kutentha kwambiri komanso kukhazikika kwamankhwala, ndipo sizosavuta kulumikizana ndi chitsulo. Zida za Ceramic zimagwira ntchito yofunika kwambiri pakupanga makina a CNC. Zida za ceramic zakhala chimodzi mwa zida zazikulu zodulira mwachangu komanso kukonza zinthu zovuta ku makina. Zida zodulira ceramic zimagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri podula mwachangu, kudula kowuma, kudula mwamphamvu ndi kudula kwazinthu zovuta kumakina. Zida za Ceramic zimatha kukonza bwino zida zolimba kwambiri zomwe zida zachikhalidwe sizingathe kuzikonza, pozindikira "kutembenuka m'malo mokupera"; Kuthamanga koyenera kwa zida za ceramic kumatha kukhala 2 mpaka 10 kuposa zida za carbide, motero kumathandizira kwambiri kudula kupanga. ; Zida zazikulu zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito pazida za ceramic ndizomwe zimapezeka kwambiri padziko lapansi. Chifukwa chake, kukwezedwa ndi kugwiritsa ntchito zida za ceramic ndizofunikira kwambiri pakuwongolera zokolola, kuchepetsa mtengo wokonza, ndikupulumutsa zitsulo zamtengo wapatali. Komanso kwambiri kulimbikitsa chitukuko cha kudula luso. kupita patsogolo.
⑴ Mitundu ya zida za ceramic
Mitundu ya zida za ceramic nthawi zambiri imatha kugawidwa m'magulu atatu: zoumba za alumina-based, silicon nitride-based ceramics, ndi composite silicon nitride-alumina-based ceramics. Pakati pawo, zida za alumina-based ndi silicon nitride-based ceramic ceramic ndizo zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri. Kuchita kwa silicon nitride-based ceramics ndikopambana kuposa kwa alumina-based ceramics.
⑵ Magwiridwe ndi mawonekedwe a zida zodulira ceramic
① Kuuma kwakukulu ndi kukana kwabwino kuvala: Ngakhale kuuma kwa zida zodulira ceramic sikuli kokwera ngati PCD ndi PCBN, ndikokwera kwambiri kuposa zida za carbide ndi zida zodulira zitsulo zothamanga kwambiri, kufika ku 93-95HRA. Zida zodulira za ceramic zimatha kukonza zida zolimba kwambiri zomwe zimakhala zovuta kuzigwiritsa ntchito ndi zida zodulira zachikhalidwe ndipo ndizoyenera kudula mwachangu komanso kudula mwamphamvu.
② Kutentha kwapamwamba kwambiri komanso kukana kutentha kwabwino: Zida zodulira ceramic zimathabe kudula pamatenthedwe apamwamba kuposa 1200 ° C. Zida zodulira Ceramic zimakhala ndi makina abwino kwambiri otenthetsera. Zida zodulira za ceramic za A12O3 zili ndi kukana kwabwino kwa okosijeni. Ngakhale m'mphepete mwawo uli wotentha kwambiri, ukhoza kugwiritsidwa ntchito mosalekeza. Choncho, zida za ceramic zimatha kukwaniritsa kudula kouma, motero kuchotsa kufunikira kwa kudula madzi.
③ Kukhazikika kwamankhwala abwino: Zida zodulira ceramic sizosavuta kulumikiza ndi chitsulo, ndipo sizikhala ndi dzimbiri komanso zimakhala ndi kukhazikika kwamankhwala, zomwe zimatha kuchepetsa kuphatikizika kwa zida zodulira.
④ Low friction coefficient: Kugwirizana pakati pa zida za ceramic ndi zitsulo ndizochepa, ndipo kugunda kwapakati kumakhala kochepa, komwe kungachepetse mphamvu yodula ndi kudula kutentha.
⑶ Mipeni ya Ceramic ili ndi ntchito
Ceramics ndi chimodzi mwazinthu zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri pomaliza kuthamanga kwambiri komanso kumaliza. Zida zodulira Ceramic ndizoyenera kudula zitsulo zosiyanasiyana (imvi, chitsulo chosungunuka, chitsulo chosungunula, chitsulo chosungunuka, chitsulo chosungunuka, chitsulo cholimba kwambiri) ndi zida zachitsulo (mpweya wopangidwa ndi mpweya, chitsulo chopangidwa ndi aloyi, chitsulo cholimba kwambiri, mkulu manganese zitsulo, kuzimitsidwa zitsulo etc.), Angagwiritsidwenso ntchito kudula kasakaniza wazitsulo zamkuwa, graphite, mapulasitiki zomangamanga ndi zipangizo gulu.
Zakuthupi za zida zodulira za ceramic zimakhala ndi zovuta zopindika pang'ono komanso kulimba kwamphamvu, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti zikhale zosayenera kudula mothamanga komanso motsika kwambiri.
4. Zida zida zophimbidwa
Zida zodulira zokutira ndi imodzi mwa njira zofunika kwambiri zopititsira patsogolo magwiridwe antchito a zida. Kupezeka kwa zida zomatira kwabweretsa kupambana kwakukulu pakudula kwa zida zodulira. Zida zokutira zimakutidwa ndi gawo limodzi kapena zingapo zamafuta okanira okhala ndi kukana kwabwino kwa thupi la chida ndi kulimba kwabwino. Zimaphatikiza matrix a zida ndi zokutira zolimba, potero zimathandizira kwambiri magwiridwe antchito. Zida zokutira zimatha kuwongolera magwiridwe antchito, kuwongolera kulondola, kukulitsa moyo wautumiki wa zida, ndikuchepetsa mtengo wokonza.
Pafupifupi 80% ya zida zodulira zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito pazida zatsopano zamakina a CNC zimagwiritsa ntchito zida zokutira. Zida zokutira zidzakhala chida chofunikira kwambiri m'munda wa CNC Machining mtsogolomo.
⑴ Mitundu ya zida zokutira
Malinga ndi njira zosiyanasiyana zokutira, zida zokutira zitha kugawidwa kukhala zida zokutira za chemical vapor deposition (CVD) ndi zida zokutira za vapor deposition (PVD). Zida zomata zomata za carbide nthawi zambiri zimagwiritsa ntchito njira yoyika nthunzi, ndipo kutentha kwake kumakhala pafupifupi 1000 ° C. Zida zodulira zitsulo zothamanga kwambiri nthawi zambiri zimagwiritsa ntchito njira yoyika nthunzi, ndipo kutentha kwake kumakhala pafupifupi 500 ° C;
Malinga ndi magawo osiyanasiyana a zida zokutira, zida zokutira zitha kugawidwa kukhala zida zokutira za carbide, zida zokutira zitsulo zothamanga kwambiri, ndi zida zokutira pamiyala ndi zida zolimba kwambiri (diamondi ndi kiyubiki boron nitride).
Malinga ndi momwe zinthu zokutira zimapangidwira, zida zokutira zitha kugawidwa m'magulu awiri, zomwe ndi zida "zolimba" ndi zida "zofewa". Zolinga zazikulu zomwe zimatsatiridwa ndi zida zomatira "zolimba" ndizolimba kwambiri komanso kukana kuvala Ubwino wake waukulu ndi kuuma kwakukulu komanso kukana bwino kuvala, makamaka zokutira za TiC ndi TiN. Cholinga chomwe chimatsatiridwa ndi zida zokutira "zofewa" ndizochepa zotsutsana, zomwe zimadziwikanso kuti zida zodzipangira okha, zomwe zimakangana ndi zida zogwirira ntchito The coefficient ndi yotsika kwambiri, pafupifupi 0.1 yokha, yomwe imatha kuchepetsa kumamatira, kuchepetsa kukangana, ndi kuchepetsa kudula. mphamvu ndi kudula kutentha.
Zida zodulira za Nanocoating (Nanoeoating) zapangidwa posachedwa. Zida zokutira zoterezi zimatha kugwiritsa ntchito mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya zida zokutira (monga zitsulo / zitsulo, zitsulo / ceramic, ceramic / ceramic, etc.) kuti zikwaniritse zofunikira zosiyanasiyana zogwirira ntchito ndi ntchito. Zovala za nano zopangidwa bwino zimatha kupanga zida zopangira zida kukhala ndi ntchito zabwino kwambiri zochepetsera mikangano komanso zotsutsana ndi kuvala komanso zodzipaka mafuta, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti zikhale zoyenera kudula mowuma mwachangu.
⑵ Makhalidwe a zida zodulira zokutira
① Kuchita bwino kwamakina ndi kudula: Zida zokutira zimaphatikiza zinthu zabwino kwambiri zoyambira ndi zokutira. Sikuti amangosunga kulimba kwabwino komanso mphamvu yayikulu yazinthu zoyambira, komanso amakhala ndi kuuma kwakukulu, kukana kuvala kwambiri komanso kutsika kwa Friction coefficient. Chifukwa chake, kuthamanga kwa zida zokutira kumatha kuchulukitsidwa nthawi zopitilira 2 kuposa zida zopanda zida, ndipo kuchuluka kwa chakudya kumaloledwa. Moyo wa zida zokutira umakhalanso bwino.
② Kusunthika kwamphamvu: Zida zokutira zimakhala ndi kusinthasintha kwakukulu ndikukulitsa kwambiri makonzedwe. Chida chimodzi chokutidwa chingalowe m'malo mwa zida zingapo zosakutidwa.
③ Kupaka makulidwe: Pamene makulidwe akuya akuwonjezeka, moyo wa chida udzawonjezekanso, koma makulidwe a ③ akafika pakukhutitsidwa, moyo wa chida sudzawonjezekanso kwambiri. Pamene zokutira ndi wandiweyani kwambiri, izo mosavuta peeling; pamene zokutira ndizochepa kwambiri, kukana kuvala kudzakhala kosauka.
④ Regrindability: Masamba okutidwa ali ndi kusakhazikika bwino, zida zokutira zovuta, zofunikira kwambiri, komanso nthawi yayitali yokutira.
⑤ Zida zokutira: Zida zokhala ndi zida zosiyanasiyana zopaka zimakhala ndi magwiridwe antchito osiyanasiyana. Mwachitsanzo: podula pa liwiro lotsika, kupaka kwa TiC kuli ndi ubwino; podula pa liwiro lalikulu, TiN ndi yabwino kwambiri.
⑶Kugwiritsa ntchito zida zodulira zokutira
Zida zokutira zili ndi kuthekera kwakukulu pakupanga makina a CNC ndipo zidzakhala chida chofunikira kwambiri m'munda wa CNC Machining mtsogolo. Ukadaulo wokutira wagwiritsidwa ntchito popangira mphero, ma reamers, kubowola, zida zopangira mabowo, zida zopangira ma giya, zodulira ma gear shaper, zida zometa magiya, kupanga ma broaches ndi zoyikapo zingapo zamakina zokongoletsedwa ndi makina kuti zikwaniritse zofunikira zosiyanasiyana pakudulira kothamanga kwambiri. Zofunikira za zinthu monga chitsulo ndi chitsulo choponyedwa, ma alloys osagwira kutentha ndi zitsulo zopanda chitsulo.
5. Zida za zida za Carbide
Zida zodulira ma carbide, makamaka zida zodulira za carbide, ndizo zida zotsogola za zida za CNC. Kuyambira zaka za m'ma 1980, mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya zida zodulira za carbide zophatikizika ndi indexable kapena zoyika zidakulitsidwa kumitundu yosiyanasiyana. Mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya zida zodulira, momwe zida zosinthira ma carbide zakula kuchokera ku zida zosavuta zotembenuza ndi zodula kumaso kupita kumadera osiyanasiyana olondola, ovuta, komanso opanga zida.
⑴ Mitundu ya zida zodulira carbide
Malinga ndi kapangidwe kake, carbide yopangidwa ndi simenti imatha kugawidwa kukhala tungsten carbide-based cemented carbide ndi titanium carbon (nitride) (TiC(N))-based cemented carbide.
Tungsten carbide-based simenti carbide imaphatikizapo mitundu itatu: tungsten cobalt (YG), tungsten cobalt titanium (YT), ndi carbide osowa kwambiri (YW). Iliyonse ili ndi ubwino wake ndi kuipa kwake. Zigawo zazikuluzikulu ndi tungsten carbide (WC) ndi titanium carbide. (TiC), tantalum carbide (TaC), niobium carbide (NbC), ndi zina zotero. Gawo logwiritsiridwa ntchito zitsulo ndilo Co.
Titanium carbon (nitride)-based cemented carbide ndi carbide yomangidwa ndi TiC monga chigawo chachikulu (ena amawonjezera ma carbides kapena nitrides). Magawo omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri ndi zitsulo ndi Mo ndi Ni.
ISO (International Organisation for Standardization) imagawaniza kudula carbide m'magulu atatu:
Kalasi K, kuphatikiza Kl0 ~ K40, ndi yofanana ndi kalasi ya YG yakudziko langa (gawo lalikulu ndi WC.Co).
Gulu la P, kuphatikiza P01 ~ P50, likufanana ndi gulu la YT la dziko langa (gawo lalikulu ndi WC.TiC.Co).
Kalasi M, kuphatikiza M10~M40, ndi yofanana ndi kalasi ya YW ya dziko langa (gawo lalikulu ndi WC-TiC-TaC(NbC)-Co).
Gulu lililonse limayimira ma aloyi angapo kuyambira kulimba kwambiri mpaka kulimba kwambiri ndi nambala yapakati pa 01 ndi 50.
⑵ Mawonekedwe a zida zodulira carbide
① Kuuma kwakukulu: Zida zodulira ma carbide zimapangidwa ndi ma carbides okhala ndi kuuma kwambiri komanso malo osungunuka (otchedwa hard phase) ndi zomangira zitsulo (zotchedwa bonding phase) kudzera muzitsulo za ufa, zolimba za 89 mpaka 93HRA. , apamwamba kwambiri kuposa zitsulo zothamanga kwambiri. Pa 5400C, kuuma kungathebe kufika ku 82 ~ 87HRA, komwe kuli kofanana ndi kuuma kwachitsulo chothamanga kwambiri kutentha kutentha (83 ~ 86HRA). Kuuma kwa mtengo wa simenti wa carbide kumasintha ndi chikhalidwe, kuchuluka, kukula kwa tinthu ta carbides komanso zomwe zili mugawo lomangirira zitsulo, ndipo nthawi zambiri zimachepa ndi kuchuluka kwa zomwe zili mugawo lazitsulo zomangira. Pamene zomangira gawo zili zofanana, kuuma kwa ma aloyi a YT kumakhala kokulirapo kuposa kwa ma aloyi a YG, ndipo ma aloyi ophatikizidwa ndi TaC (NbC) amakhala ndi kuuma kwakukulu kwa kutentha.
② Mphamvu yopindika ndi kulimba: Mphamvu yopindika ya carbide yomwe imagwiritsidwa ntchito nthawi zambiri imakhala pakati pa 900 mpaka 1500MPa. Kukwera kwa gawo lazitsulo zomangira zitsulo, kumapangitsanso mphamvu yosinthasintha. Zomwe binder zili zofanana, mphamvu ya aloyi ya YG (WC-Co) imakhala yapamwamba kuposa yamtundu wa YT (WC-TiC-Co) alloy, ndipo pamene TiC ikuwonjezeka, mphamvu imachepa. Carbide yokhala ndi simenti ndi chinthu chophwanyika, ndipo kulimba kwake kutentha ndi 1/30 mpaka 1/8 yachitsulo chothamanga kwambiri.
⑶ Kugwiritsa ntchito zida zodulira za carbide zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri
Ma aloyi a YG amagwiritsidwa ntchito makamaka pokonza chitsulo choponyedwa, zitsulo zopanda chitsulo komanso zinthu zopanda zitsulo. Carbide yokhala ndi simenti yabwino (monga YG3X, YG6X) imakhala ndi kuuma kwambiri komanso kukana kuvala kuposa carbide yapakati-grained yokhala ndi cobalt yomweyo. Ndi yoyenera pokonza chitsulo chapadera cholimba, chitsulo chosapanga dzimbiri cha austenitic, aloyi osamva kutentha, aloyi ya Titaniyamu, mkuwa wolimba komanso zotchingira zosavala zosagwira, etc.
Ubwino wodziwika bwino wamtundu wa YT simenti wa carbide ndi kuuma kwakukulu, kukana kutentha kwabwino, kulimba kwapamwamba komanso kulimba kwamphamvu pakutentha kwambiri kuposa mtundu wa YG, komanso kukana kwa okosijeni kwabwino. Choncho, pamene mpeni ukufunika kuti ukhale ndi kutentha kwakukulu komanso kukana kuvala, kalasi yokhala ndi TiC yapamwamba iyenera kusankhidwa. Ma aloyi a YT ndi oyenera kupangira zida zapulasitiki monga zitsulo, koma sizoyenera kupangira ma alloys a titaniyamu ndi ma silicon-aluminium alloys.
Aloyi ya YW ili ndi ma aloyi a YG ndi YT, ndipo ili ndi katundu wabwino wokwanira. Itha kugwiritsidwa ntchito pokonza zitsulo, zitsulo zotayidwa komanso zopanda chitsulo. Ngati cobalt zomwe zili mumtundu uwu wa aloyi zikuwonjezeka moyenerera, mphamvuyo imatha kukhala yokwera kwambiri ndipo imatha kugwiritsidwa ntchito popanga makina ovuta komanso kudula kosokoneza kwazinthu zosiyanasiyana zovuta kumakina.
6. Zida zodulira zitsulo zothamanga kwambiri
High Speed Steel (HSS) ndi chitsulo chapamwamba cha alloy chomwe chimawonjezera zinthu zowonjezera zowonjezera monga W, Mo, Cr, ndi V. Zida zodulira zitsulo zothamanga kwambiri zimakhala ndi ntchito yabwino kwambiri yokhudzana ndi mphamvu, kulimba komanso kusinthika. Mu zida zodulira zovuta, makamaka zomwe zili ndi mawonekedwe ovuta a tsamba monga zida zopangira mabowo, odulira mphero, zida zopangira ulusi, zida za broaching, zida zodulira zida, etc., zitsulo zothamanga kwambiri zimagwiritsidwabe ntchito. kukhala ndi udindo waukulu. Mipeni yachitsulo yothamanga kwambiri ndiyosavuta kunola kuti ipange mbali zakuthwa zodulira.
Malinga ndi ntchito zosiyanasiyana, chitsulo chothamanga kwambiri chikhoza kugawidwa kukhala zitsulo zothamanga kwambiri komanso zitsulo zothamanga kwambiri.
⑴ Zida zodulira zitsulo zothamanga kwambiri
General cholinga mkulu liwiro zitsulo. Nthawi zambiri, imatha kugawidwa m'magulu awiri: chitsulo cha tungsten ndi chitsulo cha tungsten-molybdenum. Mtundu uwu wazitsulo zothamanga kwambiri uli ndi 0,7% mpaka 0.9% (C). Malinga ndi mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya tungsten muzitsulo, imatha kugawidwa kukhala chitsulo cha tungsten chokhala ndi W zomwe zili 12% kapena 18%, chitsulo cha tungsten-molybdenum chokhala ndi W 6% kapena 8%, ndi chitsulo cha molybdenum chokhala ndi W okhutira. 2% kapena ayi W. Chitsulo chothamanga kwambiri chimakhala ndi kuuma kwina (63-66HRC) ndi kukana kuvala, kulimba kwambiri komanso kulimba, pulasitiki yabwino komanso ukadaulo wokonza, chifukwa chake chimagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri popanga zida zosiyanasiyana zovuta.
① Chitsulo cha Tungsten: Chitsulo chokhazikika chachitsulo chothamanga kwambiri ndi W18Cr4V, (chotchedwa W18). Ili ndi magwiridwe antchito abwino. Kulimba kwa kutentha kwambiri pa 6000C ndi 48.5HRC, ndipo kungagwiritsidwe ntchito kupanga zida zosiyanasiyana zovuta. Ili ndi ubwino wa grindability yabwino komanso kutsika kwa decarburization, koma chifukwa cha kuchuluka kwake kwa carbide, kugawa kosafanana, tinthu tating'onoting'ono, ndi mphamvu zochepa komanso zolimba.
② Chitsulo cha Tungsten-molybdenum: chimatanthawuza chitsulo chothamanga kwambiri chomwe chimapezedwa posintha gawo la tungsten mu chitsulo cha tungsten ndi molybdenum. Mtundu wachitsulo wa tungsten-molybdenum ndi W6Mo5Cr4V2, (wotchedwa M2). Ma carbide particles a M2 ndi abwino komanso yunifolomu, ndipo mphamvu zake, kulimba ndi pulasitiki yotentha kwambiri ndi yabwino kuposa ya W18Cr4V. Mtundu wina wazitsulo za tungsten-molybdenum ndi W9Mo3Cr4V (W9 mwachidule). Kukhazikika kwake kwamafuta ndikokwera pang'ono kuposa chitsulo cha M2, mphamvu yopindika ndi kulimba kwake ndikwabwinoko kuposa W6M05Cr4V2, ndipo imakhala ndi mayendedwe abwino.
⑵ Zida zodulira zitsulo zothamanga kwambiri
Chitsulo chothamanga kwambiri chimatanthawuza mtundu watsopano wachitsulo womwe umawonjezera kaboni, vanadium, ndi zinthu zophatikizika monga Co ndi Al pakupanga chitsulo chothamanga kwambiri, potero kumathandizira kukana kutentha komanso kukana kuvala. . Pali magulu awa:
① Chitsulo chokwera kwambiri cha carbon. Chitsulo chothamanga kwambiri cha carbon (monga 95W18Cr4V) chimakhala ndi kuuma kwakukulu kutentha kutentha komanso kutentha kwambiri. Ndi oyenera kupanga ndi kukonza zitsulo wamba ndi chitsulo choponyedwa, kubowola zitsulo, reamers, matepi ndi odula mphero ndi mkulu avale kukana, kapena zida pokonza zipangizo zolimba. Sikoyenera kupirira zovuta zazikulu.
② Chitsulo chokwera kwambiri cha vanadium. Magiredi odziwika bwino, monga W12Cr4V4Mo, (omwe amatchedwa EV4), ali ndi V zomwe zawonjezeka kufika pa 3% mpaka 5%, zimakhala ndi kukana kwabwino, ndipo ndizoyenera kudula zida zomwe zimapangitsa kuti zida zazikulu zizivala, monga ulusi, mphira wolimba, mapulasitiki. , etc., ndipo angagwiritsidwenso ntchito pokonza Zida monga zitsulo zosapanga dzimbiri, zitsulo zamphamvu kwambiri ndi alloys otentha kwambiri.
③ Cobalt chitsulo chothamanga kwambiri. Ndi cobalt yokhala ndi chitsulo cholimba kwambiri chothamanga kwambiri. Magiredi odziwika, monga W2Mo9Cr4VCo8, (wotchedwa M42), amakhala ndi kuuma kwambiri. Kuuma kwake kumatha kufika 69-70HRC. Ndikoyenera kugwiritsira ntchito zitsulo zovuta kugwiritsira ntchito zitsulo zosagwira kutentha kwambiri, zowonjezera kutentha, titaniyamu alloys, etc. Zida zopangira: M42 ili ndi grindability yabwino ndipo ndiyoyenera kupanga zida zolondola komanso zovuta, koma sizoyenera. pogwira ntchito pansi pazikhalidwe zodula.
④ Aluminiyamu kuthamanga kwachitsulo. Ndi aluminiyumu yokhala ndi chitsulo cholimba kwambiri chothamanga kwambiri. Magiredi odziwika bwino ndi, mwachitsanzo, W6Mo5Cr4V2Al, (wotchedwa 501). Kulimba kwa kutentha kwambiri pa 6000C kumafikiranso 54HRC. Ntchito yodulira ikufanana ndi M42. Ndioyenera kupanga zodulira mphero, zobowola, ma reamers, zodulira zida, ndi ma broaches. etc., ntchito pokonza zinthu monga zitsulo aloyi, zitsulo zosapanga dzimbiri, chitsulo champhamvu kwambiri ndi kaloti kutentha kwambiri.
⑤ Nayitrogeni wapamwamba-wolimba chitsulo chothamanga kwambiri. Magiredi odziwika bwino, monga W12M03Cr4V3N, omwe amatchedwa (V3N), ndi zitsulo zokhala ndi nayitrogeni zolimba kwambiri. Kulimba, mphamvu, ndi kulimba ndizofanana ndi M42. Zitha kugwiritsidwa ntchito m'malo mwa zitsulo zokhala ndi cobalt zokhala ndi zitsulo zothamanga kwambiri ndipo zimagwiritsidwa ntchito podula kwambiri zipangizo zovuta ku makina ndi zitsulo zotsika kwambiri, zolondola kwambiri. kukonza.
⑶ Kusungunula chitsulo chothamanga kwambiri ndi zitsulo za ufa zothamanga kwambiri
Malinga ndi njira zosiyanasiyana zopangira, zitsulo zothamanga kwambiri zitha kugawidwa muzitsulo zosungunula zothamanga kwambiri komanso zitsulo za ufa wapamwamba kwambiri.
① Kusungunula chitsulo chothamanga kwambiri: Chitsulo wamba chothamanga kwambiri komanso chitsulo chothamanga kwambiri chimapangidwa ndi njira zosungunulira. Amapangidwa kukhala mipeni kudzera m'njira monga kusungunula, kupaka ingot, ndi plating ndi kugudubuza. Vuto lalikulu lomwe limapezeka mosavuta pakusungunula chitsulo chothamanga kwambiri ndikupatula carbide. Ma carbides olimba ndi ophulika amagawidwa mosiyanasiyana muzitsulo zothamanga kwambiri, ndipo njere zake zimakhala zowawa (mpaka ma microns angapo), zomwe zimakhudza kukana kuvala ndi kulimba kwa zida zachitsulo zothamanga kwambiri. ndi kusokoneza ntchito yodula.
② Powder metallurgy high-speed steel (PM HSS): Powder metallurgy high-speed steel (PM HSS) ndi chitsulo chamadzimadzi chomwe chimasungunuka mu ng'anjo yothamanga kwambiri, yopangidwa ndi argon yothamanga kwambiri kapena nayitrogeni yoyera, kenako kuzimitsidwa kuti ipeze. makristasi abwino komanso ofanana. Kapangidwe (mkulu-liwiro zitsulo ufa), ndiyeno akanikizire chifukwa ufa mu mpeni akusowekapo pansi pa kutentha ndi kuthamanga kwambiri, kapena choyamba kupanga zitsulo billet ndiyeno panga ndi yokulungira mu mawonekedwe mpeni. Poyerekeza ndi chitsulo chothamanga kwambiri chopangidwa ndi njira yosungunuka, PM HSS ili ndi ubwino wakuti mbewu za carbide ndi zabwino komanso zofananira, ndipo mphamvu, kulimba, ndi kukana kuvala zimakhala bwino kwambiri poyerekeza ndi chitsulo chosungunuka. M'munda wa zida zovuta za CNC, zida za PM HSS zipitilira kukula ndikukhala ndi udindo wofunikira. Magiredi odziwika bwino, monga F15, FR71, GFl, GF2, GF3, PT1, PVN, etc., angagwiritsidwe ntchito kupanga zida zazikulu, zolemetsa, zodula kwambiri, komanso zida zodulira zolondola.
Mfundo Zosankha Zida Zachida za CNC
Pakali pano, zida za CNC zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri zimaphatikizira zida za diamondi, zida za kiyubiki za boron nitride, zida za ceramic, zida zokutira, zida za carbide, zida zachitsulo zothamanga kwambiri, ndi zina zambiri. Gome lotsatirali likuwonetsa zizindikiro zazikulu zogwirira ntchito za zida zosiyanasiyana.
Zida zopangira makina a CNC ziyenera kusankhidwa molingana ndi zomwe zikukonzedwa komanso momwe zimapangidwira. Kusankhidwa kwa zida zogwiritsira ntchito kuyenera kugwirizana bwino ndi chinthu chokonzekera. The yofananira kudula zida zida ndi pokonza zinthu makamaka amatanthauza zofananira katundu makina, katundu thupi ndi katundu mankhwala awiri kupeza yaitali chida moyo ndi pazipita kudula zokolola.
1. Kufananiza zida zamakina za zida zodulira zida ndi kukonza zinthu
Vuto lofananira ndi zida zamakina a chida chodulira ndi chinthu chopangira zinthu makamaka chimatanthawuza kufananiza magawo azinthu zamakina monga mphamvu, kulimba ndi kuuma kwa chida ndi zida zogwirira ntchito. Zida zida ndi katundu osiyana makina ndi oyenera pokonza workpiece osiyana zipangizo.
① Dongosolo la kuuma kwa zida ndi: chida cha diamondi> chida cha cubic boron nitride> chida cha ceramic> tungsten carbide>chitsulo chothamanga kwambiri.
② Dongosolo la mphamvu yopindika ya zida za zida ndi: chitsulo chothamanga kwambiri> carbide ya simenti> zida za ceramic> zida za diamondi ndi cubic boron nitride.
③ Dongosolo la kulimba kwa zida ndi: chitsulo chothamanga kwambiri> tungsten carbide> cubic boron nitride, diamondi ndi zida za ceramic.
Zida zogwirira ntchito zolimba kwambiri ziyenera kukonzedwa ndi zida zolimba kwambiri. Kuuma kwa chida kuyenera kukhala kokulirapo kuposa kuuma kwa zida zogwirira ntchito, zomwe nthawi zambiri zimafunika kukhala pamwamba pa 60HRC. Kuchuluka kwa kuuma kwa zida za zida, kumapangitsanso kukana kwake kuvala. Mwachitsanzo, pamene cobalt okhutira mu simenti carbide akuwonjezeka, mphamvu ndi kulimba kuchulukirachulukira ndipo kuuma kwake kumachepa, kupanga kukhala oyenera Machining akhakula; pamene cobalt imachepetsa, kuuma kwake ndi kuvala kukana kumawonjezeka, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti zikhale zoyenera kumaliza.
Zida zokhala ndi zida zabwino kwambiri zamakina otentha kwambiri ndizoyenera kwambiri kudula mwachangu. Kutentha kwapamwamba kwambiri kwa zida zodulira ceramic kumawathandiza kudula pa liwiro lalikulu, ndipo liwiro lololedwa kudula limatha kukhala 2 mpaka 10 kuposa la carbide yomangidwa.
2. Kufananiza zinthu zakuthupi za chida chodulira ndi chinthu chopangidwa ndi makina
Zida zokhala ndi mawonekedwe osiyanasiyana, monga zida zachitsulo zothamanga kwambiri zokhala ndi matenthedwe apamwamba kwambiri komanso malo otsika osungunuka, zida za ceramic zokhala ndi malo osungunuka kwambiri komanso kukulitsa kwamafuta ochepa, zida za diamondi zokhala ndi matenthedwe apamwamba komanso kukulitsa kwamafuta ochepa, ndi zina zambiri. kukonza zida zosiyanasiyana zogwirira ntchito. Pokonza ma workpieces opanda matenthedwe matenthedwe madutsidwe, zida zida ndi madutsidwe matenthedwe bwino matenthedwe ayenera kugwiritsidwa ntchito kuti kudula kutentha akhoza anasamutsidwa mwamsanga ndi kudula kutentha akhoza kuchepetsedwa. Chifukwa cha matenthedwe ake apamwamba komanso kufalikira kwamafuta, diamondi imatha kutulutsa kutentha popanda kuyambitsa kutentha kwakukulu, komwe ndikofunikira kwambiri pazida zamakina zolondola zomwe zimafunikira kulondola kwambiri.
① Kutentha kukana kutentha kwa zida zosiyanasiyana: zida za diamondi ndi 700 ~ 8000C, zida za PCBN ndi 13000 ~ 15000C, zida za ceramic ndi 1100 ~ 12000C, TiC(N)-based cemented carbide ndi 900 ~ 11000C, WC-based ultra-based mbewu Carbide ndi 800 ~ 9000C, HSS ndi 600 ~ 7000C.
② Kapangidwe ka matenthedwe a zida zosiyanasiyana: PCD>PCBN>WC-based cemented carbide>TiC(N)-based cemented carbide>HSS>Si3N4-based ceramics>A1203-based ceramics.
③ Dongosolo la ma coefficients okulitsa matenthedwe a zida zosiyanasiyana ndi: HSS>WC-based cemented carbide>TiC(N)>A1203-based ceramic>PCBN>Si3N4-based ceramic>PCD.
④ Dongosolo la kukana kutentha kwa zida zosiyanasiyana ndi: HSS>WC-based cemented carbide>Si3N4-based ceramics>PCBN>PCD>TiC(N)-based cemented carbide>A1203-based ceramics.
3. Kufananiza mankhwala a chida chodulira ndi chinthu chopangidwa ndi makina
Vuto lofananira ndi mankhwala a zida zodulira zida ndi zinthu zopangira zinthu makamaka limatanthawuza kufananiza magawo azinthu zamakina monga kuyanjana kwamankhwala, kuyanjana kwamankhwala, kufalikira ndi kutha kwa zida ndi zida zogwirira ntchito. Zida ndi zipangizo zosiyanasiyana ndi oyenera pokonza zipangizo zosiyanasiyana workpiece.
① Kukaniza kutentha kwa zida zosiyanasiyana (ndi chitsulo) ndi: PCBN>ceramic>tungsten carbide>HSS.
② Kutentha kwa oxidation kukana kwa zida zosiyanasiyana ndi: ceramic> PCBN> tungsten carbide> diamondi> HSS.
③ Mphamvu ya kufalikira kwa zida (zachitsulo) ndi: diamondi>Si3N4-based ceramics>PCBN>A1203-based ceramics. Kuchuluka kwa kufalikira (kwa titaniyamu) ndi: A1203-based ceramic>PCBN>SiC>Si3N4>diamondi.
4. Kusankhidwa koyenera kwa zida za CNC
Nthawi zambiri, PCBN, zida za ceramic, zida zokutira za carbide ndi zida za Carbide za TiCN ndizoyenera CNC kukonza zitsulo zachitsulo monga chitsulo; pamene zida za PCD ndizoyenera kuzinthu zopanda chitsulo monga Al, Mg, Cu ndi ma alloys awo ndi Processing ya zinthu zopanda zitsulo. Gome ili m'munsimu limatchula zina mwa workpiece zipangizo kuti pamwamba chida zipangizo ndi oyenera processing.
Zida za Xinfa CNC zili ndi mawonekedwe abwino komanso otsika mtengo. Kuti mudziwe zambiri, chonde pitani:
CNC Tools Opanga - China CNC Tools Factory & Suppliers (xinfatools.com)
Nthawi yotumiza: Nov-01-2023
