01.Kufotokozera mwachidule
Spot kuwotcherera ndi njira yowotcherera yomwe imasokonekera m'malo olumikizirana mafupa ndikukanikizidwa pakati pa maelekitirodi awiri, pogwiritsa ntchito kutentha kosasunthika kusungunula zitsulo zoyambira kupanga zolumikizira.
Spot kuwotcherera kumagwiritsidwa ntchito makamaka pazinthu izi:
1. Kuphatikizika kwa magawo ang'onoang'ono opondaponda, monga ma cab amagalimoto, zipinda, zowonera zowonera nsomba, ndi zina.
2. Mbale zopyapyala ndi zitsulo zooneka ngati zitsulo ndi zopangira khungu, monga makoma am'mbali mwa ngolo ndi masiling'i, mapanelo onyamulira ma trailer, zophatikizira zokolola, ndi zina zambiri.
3. Zojambula, mafelemu danga ndi mtanda zitsulo mipiringidzo, etc.
02.Nkhani
Pa kuwotcherera malo, chowotchereracho chimapanga cholumikizira chophatikizika ndipo chimakanikizidwa pakati pa ma elekitirodi awiri. Mawonekedwe ake akuluakulu ndi awa:
1. Pa kuwotcherera malo, nthawi yotentha ya malo olumikizirana ndi yochepa kwambiri ndipo liwiro la kuwotcherera limakhala lofulumira.
2. Spot kuwotcherera kumangogwiritsa ntchito mphamvu yamagetsi ndipo sikufuna kudzaza zinthu, flux, gasi, etc.
3. Ubwino wa kuwotcherera malo amatsimikiziridwa ndi malo kuwotcherera makina. Imakhala ndi ntchito yosavuta, makina apamwamba kwambiri komanso makina opangira okha, komanso zokolola zambiri.
4. Kuchepa kwa ntchito komanso malo abwino ogwirira ntchito.
5. Popeza kuwotcherera kumatsirizika mu nthawi yochepa ndipo kumafuna panopa ndi kupanikizika kwakukulu, kuwongolera pulogalamu ya ndondomekoyi kumakhala kovuta kwambiri, makina opangira magetsi ali ndi mphamvu yaikulu yamagetsi, ndipo mtengo wa zipangizo ndi wokwera kwambiri.
6. N'zovuta kuchita mayesero osawononga ophatikizana a solder.
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03. Njira yogwirira ntchito
Pamaso kuwotcherera, pamwamba pa workpiece ayenera kutsukidwa. Njira yoyeretsera yomwe imagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri ndi pickling, ndiye kuti, imatsukidwa mumoto wa sulfuric acid ndi 10%, kenako imatsukidwa m'madzi otentha. Mwachindunji kuwotcherera ndondomeko ndi motere:
(1) Dyetsani workpiece olowa pakati chapamwamba ndi m'munsi maelekitirodi a malo kuwotcherera makina ndi achepetsa izo;
(2) Magetsi akagwiritsidwa ntchito, malo okhudzana ndi magawo awiriwa amatenthedwa, amasungunuka pang'ono, ndipo nugget imapangidwa;
(3) Pitirizani kupanikizika pambuyo pa mphamvu, kotero kuti nugget yosungunuka imazizira ndi kukhazikika pansi pa kukakamizidwa kuti mupange zolumikizana za solder;
(4) Chotsani kukakamiza ndikuchotsa chogwirira ntchito.
04.Zinthu zokopa
Zinthu zazikulu zomwe zimathandizira pakuwotcherera kwamtundu ndi nthawi yowotcherera pano komanso nthawi yopatsa mphamvu, kuthamanga kwa ma elekitirodi ndi shunt, ndi zina zambiri.
1. Kuwotcherera panopa ndi mphamvu pa nthawi
Malinga ndi kukula kwa kuwotcherera panopa ndi kutalika kwa mphamvu-pa nthawi, malo kuwotcherera akhoza kugawidwa m'magulu awiri: yolimba gauge ndi zofewa n'zotsimikizira. Kufotokozera komwe kumadutsa mphamvu yayikulu mu nthawi yochepa kumatchedwa hard specification. Zili ndi ubwino wa zokolola zambiri, moyo wautali wa elekitirodi, ndi mapindikidwe ang'onoang'ono a weldment, ndipo ndi oyenera kuwotcherera zitsulo ndi matenthedwe abwino matenthedwe. Gauge yomwe imadutsa magetsi ang'onoang'ono kwa nthawi yayitali imatchedwa soft gauge, yomwe imakhala ndi zokolola zochepa komanso ndiyoyenera kuwotcherera zitsulo zomwe zimakhala zolimba.
2. Kuthamanga kwa Electrode
Pa kuwotcherera malo, kukakamiza komwe kumaperekedwa pakuwotcherera ndi electrode kumatchedwa kuthamanga kwa electrode. Kuthamanga kwa electrode kuyenera kusankhidwa moyenera. Pamene kupanikizika kuli kwakukulu, shrinkage ndi shrinkage cavities zomwe zingachitike pamene nugget imalimbitsa imatha kuthetsedwa. Komabe, kukana ndi kachulukidwe kamakono ka electrode kumachepetsedwa, zomwe zimapangitsa kutentha kosakwanira kwa weldment ndikuchepetsa m'mimba mwake mwa nugget. Mphamvu ya mgwirizano wa solder imachepa. Kukula kwa kuthamanga kwa electrode kungasankhidwe potengera izi:
(1) Zinthu zowotcherera. The apamwamba kutentha mphamvu zakuthupi. Kuthamanga kwakukulu kwa electrode kumafunika. Choncho, powotcherera zitsulo zosapanga dzimbiri ndi zitsulo zosagwira kutentha, payenera kugwiritsidwa ntchito mphamvu ya electrode yapamwamba kusiyana ndi kuwotcherera chitsulo chochepa cha carbon.
(2) Zowotcherera magawo. Kuchulukirachulukira kwa momwe kuwotcherera kumachulukira, mphamvu ya elekitirodi imakulirakulira.
3. Kupatutsidwa
Pa kuwotcherera malo, magetsi akuyenda kunja kwa dera lalikulu lowotcherera amatchedwa shunt. Shunt imachepetsa zomwe zikuyenda m'dera la kuwotcherera, zomwe zimapangitsa kutentha kosakwanira, kuchititsa kuchepa kwakukulu kwa mphamvu ya mgwirizano wa solder komanso kukhudza khalidwe la kuwotcherera. Zinthu zomwe zimakhudza kuchuluka kwa kusokoneza makamaka zimaphatikizapo izi:
(1) Weldment makulidwe ndi kuwotcherera mfundo katalikirana. Pamene mtunda pakati pa ma solder akuwonjezeka, kukana kwa shunt kumawonjezeka ndipo mlingo wa shunting umachepa. Pamene malo okhazikika a 30 mpaka 50 mm amagwiritsidwa ntchito, shunt panopa amawerengera 25% mpaka 40% ya chiwerengero chonse chamakono, ndipo pamene makulidwe a weldment amachepetsa, mlingo wa shunting umachepanso.
(2) Kuwotcherera kwa pamwamba. Pakakhala oxides kapena dothi pamwamba pa kuwotcherera, kukana kukhudzana pakati pa ma welds awiri kumawonjezeka, ndipo panopa kudutsa m'dera kuwotcherera kumachepa, ndiko kuti, kuchuluka kwa shunting kumawonjezeka. Chogwirira ntchitocho chikhoza kudulidwa, sandblasted kapena kupukutidwa.
05.Kusamala zachitetezo
(1) Chophimba cha phazi cha makina owotcherera chiyenera kukhala ndi chivundikiro cholimba choteteza kuti chiteteze mwangozi.
(2) Malo ogwirira ntchito akuyenera kukhala ndi zotchinga kuti zisawuluke.
(3) Owotcherera ayenera kuvala magalasi athyathyathya oteteza akawotcherera.
(4) Malo amene makina owotchera amaikidwa ayenera kukhala owuma, ndipo pansi pake payenera kukhala ndi mbale zotsutsana ndi skid.
(5) Ntchito yowotcherera ikatha, magetsi ayenera kudulidwa, ndipo chosinthira madzi ozizira chiyenera kuwonjezeredwa kwa masekondi 10 musanatseke. Kutentha kukakhala kotsika, madzi owunjikana munjira yamadzi ayenera kuchotsedwa kuti asaundane.
Nthawi yotumiza: Oct-26-2023
