Zida zodulira za CNC ndi zida zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito podula popanga makina, omwe amadziwikanso kuti zida zodulira. Kuphatikiza zida zabwino processing ndi mkulu-ntchito CNC kudula zida angapereke sewero lathunthu kwa ntchito yake yoyenera ndi kupeza ubwino wabwino zachuma. Ndi chitukuko cha zida kudula chida, zipangizo zosiyanasiyana zatsopano kudula chida ali bwino thupi, katundu makina ndi ntchito kudula. Zawongoleredwa kwambiri, kuchuluka kwa ntchito kukukulirakulira.
CNC chida kapangidwe
1. Mapangidwe a zida zosiyanasiyana amapangidwa ndi gawo lolumikizira ndi gawo logwira ntchito. Gawo lopukutira ndi gawo logwira ntchito la chida chophatikizira zonse zimapangidwa pathupi locheka; gawo logwira ntchito (dzino la mpeni kapena tsamba) la chida choyikapo chimayikidwa pa thupi locheka.
2. Pali mitundu iwiri ya ma clamping omwe ali ndi mabowo ndi zogwirira. Chida chokhala ndi dzenje chimayikidwa pamtengo waukulu kapena mandrel a chida cha makina pogwiritsa ntchito dzenje lamkati, ndipo mphindi yopumira imafalikira ndi kiyi ya axial kapena makiyi akumapeto, monga chodulira mphero, a chipolopolo nkhope mphero wodula, etc.
3. Mipeni yokhala ndi zogwirira nthawi zambiri imakhala ndi mitundu itatu: shank yamakona anayi, shank ya cylindrical ndi shank conical. Zida zokhotakhota, zida zomangira, ndi zina zambiri zimakhala ziboliboli zamakona anayi; nsonga za conical zimanyamula kuponyedwa kwa axial ndi taper, ndikutumiza torque mothandizidwa ndi mikangano; ma cylindrical shank nthawi zambiri amakhala oyenera kubowola ang'onoang'ono, mphero ndi zida zina. Mphamvu yotsatizanayo imatumiza torque. Shank ya mipeni yambiri ya shank imapangidwa ndi chitsulo chochepa cha alloy, ndipo gawo logwira ntchito limapangidwa ndi zitsulo zothamanga kwambiri zowotcherera mbali ziwirizo.
4. Gawo logwirira ntchito la chida ndi gawo lomwe limapanga ndi kukonza tchipisi, kuphatikiza zinthu zomangika monga tsamba, kapangidwe kamene kamaswa kapena kugudubuza tchipisi, malo ochotsera chip kapena kusunga tchipisi, ndi njira yodulira madzi. Gawo logwirira ntchito la zida zina ndi gawo lodulira, monga zida zotembenuza, zokonza mapulani, zida zosasangalatsa komanso zodula mphero; mbali yogwirira ntchito ya zida zina imaphatikizapo kudula mbali ndi ma calibration, monga kubowola, reamers, reamers, mkati pamwamba kukoka mipeni ndi matepi etc. Ntchito ya kudula mbali ndi kuchotsa tchipisi ndi tsamba, ndi ntchito ya calibration gawo. ndi kusalaza pamwamba pa makina ndi kutsogolera chida.
5. Mapangidwe a gawo logwirira ntchito la chida ali ndi mitundu itatu: mtundu wophatikizika, mtundu wowotcherera ndi mtundu wamawotchi. Kapangidwe kake ndi kupanga m'mphepete mwa thupi locheka; chowotcherera kapangidwe ndi kumangirira tsamba kwa zitsulo wodula thupi; pali zida ziwiri zomangirira zamakina, imodzi ndikumangirira tsamba pathupi lodulira, ndipo inayo ndikumangirira mutu wodulira wokhazikika pathupi locheka. Zida za simenti za carbide nthawi zambiri zimapangidwa ndi zida zomata kapena zomangira; zida zadothi zonse ndi makina clamping nyumba.
6. Magawo a geometric a gawo lodula la chida ali ndi chikoka chachikulu pakuchita bwino kwa kudula komanso kukonza bwino. Kuchulukitsa kangaude ngodya kungachepetse mapindikidwe a pulasitiki pamene nkhope yowotchera ikafinya wosanjikiza, ndikuchepetsa kukana kwa tchipisi komwe kumadutsa kutsogolo, potero kuchepetsa mphamvu yodulira ndi kudula kutentha. Komabe, kukulitsa ngodya ya kangaude kudzachepetsa mphamvu ya m'mphepete mwake ndikuchepetsa kuchuluka kwa kutentha kwa mutu wodula.
Gulu la zida za CNC
Gulu limodzi: zida zopangira zinthu zosiyanasiyana zakunja, kuphatikiza zida zotembenuza, zokonza mapulani, odula mphero, ma broaches akunja ndi mafayilo, ndi zina zambiri;
Gulu lachiwiri: zida processing dzenje, kuphatikizapo kubowola, reamers, wotopetsa zida, reamers ndi mkati padziko broaches, etc.;
Gulu lachitatu: zida zopangira ulusi, kuphatikiza matepi, kufa, kutsegula ndi kutseka mitu yodulira ulusi, zida zosinthira ulusi ndi odulira mphero, etc.;
Gulu lachinayi: zida zopangira zida, kuphatikiza ma hobs, odulira magiya, odula magiya, zida zopangira zida za bevel, ndi zina;
Gulu lachisanu: zida zodulira, kuphatikiza macheka ozungulira, macheka amagulu, macheka, zida zokhotakhota ndi ocheka mphero, ndi zina zambiri.
Chiweruzo Njira ya NC Tool Wear
1. Choyamba weruzani ngati atavala kapena ayi panthawi yokonza, makamaka panthawi yodula, mvetserani phokoso, ndipo mwadzidzidzi phokoso la chida panthawi yokonza sikuli bwino kudula, ndithudi, izi zimafuna kudzikundikira.
2. Yang'anani pakukonza. Ngati pali zipsera zosawerengeka zapakatikati panthawi yokonza, zikutanthauza kuti chidacho chatha. Mutha kusintha chida munthawi yake malinga ndi moyo wapakatikati wa chida.
3. Yang'anani mtundu wa zolembera zachitsulo. Ngati mtundu wazitsulo zachitsulo umasintha, zikutanthauza kuti kutentha kwachitsulo kwasintha, komwe kungakhale chifukwa cha kuvala kwa zida.
4. Yang'anani mawonekedwe azitsulo zachitsulo. Mbali ziwiri zazitsulozo zimaoneka ngati zokhotakhota, zitsulo zimapindika mosadziwika bwino, ndipo zitsulo zimagawanika bwino. Mwachiwonekere sikumverera kwa kudula mwachizolowezi, zomwe zimatsimikizira kuti chidacho chavala.
5. Kuyang'ana pamwamba pa workpiece, pali zizindikiro zowala, koma zowawa ndi kukula kwake sizinasinthe kwambiri, zomwe kwenikweni chida chakhala chikugwiritsidwa ntchito.
6. Mvetserani phokoso, kugwedezeka kwazitsulo kudzakulirakulira, ndipo phokoso lachilendo lidzapangidwa pamene chida sichithamanga. Panthawiyi, kusamala kuyenera kuchitidwa kuti mupewe "kubaya mpeni" ndikupangitsa kuti ntchitoyo ichotsedwe.
7. Yang'anani kuchuluka kwa chida cha makina. Ngati pali kusintha kowonekera kowonjezereka, zikutanthauza kuti chidacho chikhoza kuvala.
8. Chidacho chikadulidwa, chogwiritsira ntchito chimakhala ndi ma burrs aakulu, roughness imachepetsa, kukula kwa workpiece kumasintha ndi zochitika zina zoonekeratu ndizonso zomwe zimayenera kuweruza za kuvala kwa zida. M'mawu amodzi, kuwona, kumva, ndi kukhudza, malinga ngati mutha kufotokoza mfundo imodzi, mutha kuweruza ngati chidacho chavala.
CNC chida kusankha mfundo
1. Chofunikira kwambiri pakukonza ndi chida
Chida chilichonse chomwe chimasiya kugwira ntchito chimatanthauza kuyimitsa kupanga. Koma sizikutanthauza kuti mpeni uliwonse uli ndi udindo wofanana. Chida chokhala ndi nthawi yayitali yodula chimakhudza kwambiri kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe kake. Komanso, chidwi ayenera kuperekedwa Machining zigawo zikuluzikulu ndi zida ndi okhwima Machining tolerances. Kuphatikiza apo, zida zomwe zili ndi vuto lowongolera chip, monga kubowola, zida zobowolera, ndi zida zopangira ulusi, ziyeneranso kuyang'aniridwa. Nthawi yopuma imatha chifukwa cha kusawongolera bwino kwa chip.
2. Fananizani ndi chida cha makina
Mipeni imagawidwa kukhala mipeni yakumanja ndi kumanzere, kotero kusankha mipeni yoyenera ndikofunikira kwambiri. Nthawi zambiri, zida zamanja zamanja ndizoyenera makina omwe amazungulira mozungulira (CCW) (monga momwe amawonera pa spindle); zida za kumanzere ndizoyenera makina omwe amazungulira mozungulira (CW). Ngati muli ndi zingwe zingapo, zina zimakhala ndi zida zakumanzere pomwe zina zamanzere, sankhani zida zakumanzere. Komabe, pogaya, anthu nthawi zambiri amakonda kusankha zida zomwe zimasinthasintha. Koma ngakhale kuti makonzedwe osiyanasiyana opangidwa ndi chida chamtunduwu ndi aakulu, nthawi yomweyo mumataya kulimba kwa chida, kuonjezera kupotoka kwa chida, kuchepetsa magawo odulira, ndikuyambitsa kugwedezeka kwa makina. Komanso, manipulator kusintha chida pa makina chida alinso zoletsa kukula ndi kulemera kwa chida. Ngati mukugula chida chamakina chokhala ndi kuziziritsa kwamkati kudzera pabowo la spindle, chonde sankhaninso chida chokhala ndi kuziziritsa mkati kudzera pabowo.
3. Fananizani ndi zinthu zomwe zakonzedwa
Mpweya wa kaboni ndi chinthu chodziwika bwino chomwe chimasinthidwa pamakina, chifukwa chake zida zambiri zodulira zidapangidwa kutengera kukhathamiritsa kwachitsulo cha carbon. Gulu la tsamba liyenera kusankhidwa molingana ndi zinthu zomwe ziyenera kukonzedwa. Opanga zida amapereka matupi odulira osiyanasiyana ndi zoyika zofananira zopangira zida zopanda chitsulo monga ma superalloys, ma aloyi a titaniyamu, aluminiyamu, zophatikiza, mapulasitiki ndi zitsulo zoyera. Mukafuna kukonza zida zomwe zili pamwambapa, chonde sankhani chida chokhala ndi zinthu zofananira. Opanga ambiri ali ndi zida zosiyanasiyana zodulira, zomwe zikuwonetsa zomwe zili zoyenera kukonza. Mwachitsanzo, mndandanda wa 3PP wa DaElement umagwiritsidwa ntchito makamaka pokonza zitsulo zotayidwa, 86P mndandanda umagwiritsidwa ntchito mwapadera pokonza zitsulo zosapanga dzimbiri, ndipo mndandanda wa 6P umagwiritsidwa ntchito makamaka pokonza zitsulo zolimba kwambiri.
4. Kufotokozera kwachida
Cholakwika chofala ndikusankha chida chokhotakhota chomwe chili chaching'ono kwambiri ndi chida champhero chomwe chili chachikulu kwambiri. Zida zotembenuza zazikuluzikulu zimakhala ndi zolimba zabwino; pamene odula mphero zazikulu sizokwera mtengo, komanso amatenga nthawi yayitali kuti adutse mpweya. Kawirikawiri, mtengo wa mipeni yayikulu ndi yapamwamba kuposa mipeni yaying'ono.
5. Sankhani pakati pa masamba osinthika kapena mipeni yopukusa
Mfundo yofunika kutsatira ndi yosavuta: yesetsani kupewa kunolanso mipeni yanu. Pokhapokha pobowola pang'ono ndi odulira mphero, yesani kusankha tsamba losinthika kapena zodula mitu ngati ziloleza. Izi zidzakupulumutsirani ndalama zogwirira ntchito pamene mukupeza zotsatira zokhazikika.
6. Zida zida ndi kalasi
Kusankhidwa kwa zida za zida ndi mtundu zimagwirizana kwambiri ndi zinthu zomwe zidakonzedwa, kuthamanga kwambiri komanso kuchuluka kwa chakudya cha chida cha makina. Sankhani wamba chida kalasi gulu la zipangizo makina, kawirikawiri zokutira. Onani "Tchati Chomwe Mungapangire Makalasi" choperekedwa ndi wopereka zida. Muzogwiritsa ntchito, kulakwitsa kofala ndikuyesa kuthetsa vuto la moyo wa zida posintha magiredi ofanana kuchokera kwa opanga zida ena. Ngati mipeni yanu yomwe ilipo si yabwino, ndiye kuti kusinthira ku mtundu wofananira kuchokera kwa wopanga wina kumatha kubweretsa zotsatira zofanana. Kuti athetse vutoli, m'pofunika kudziwa chifukwa cha kulephera kwa chida.
7. Zofunikira za mphamvu
Mfundo yotsogolera ndiyo kupeza zabwino koposa zonse. Ngati mwagula makina opangira mphero ndi mphamvu ya 20hp, ndiye, ngati chogwiritsira ntchito ndi malo osungiramo zinthu amalola, sankhani chida choyenera ndi magawo opangira zinthu kuti athe kukwaniritsa 80% ya mphamvu yogwiritsira ntchito makina. Samalani mwapadera pa tebulo la mphamvu / liwiro mu bukhu la ogwiritsa ntchito makina, ndipo sankhani chida chomwe chingathe kukwaniritsa ntchito yabwino yodulira molingana ndi mphamvu ya mphamvu ya makina.
8. Chiwerengero cha m'mphepete
Mfundo yake ndi yakuti, ndi bwino kwambiri. Kugula chida chotembenuza ndi nsonga zodula kawiri sizikutanthauza kulipira kawiri. Kupanga koyenera kwachulukitsanso kuwirikiza kocheperako pakubowoleza, kulekanitsa ndi zoyikapo mphero mzaka khumi zapitazi. Si zachilendo kusintha chodulira choyambirira ndikuyikapo 4 m'mphepete mwake ndikuyika m'mphepete 16. Kuonjezera chiwerengero cha kudula m'mphepete kumakhudzanso mwachindunji chakudya cha tebulo ndi zokolola.
9. Sankhani chida chofunikira kapena chida chosinthira
Zida zazing'ono zazing'ono ndizoyenera kupanga mapangidwe a monolithic; zida zazikulu zamawonekedwe ndizoyenera kupanga ma modular. Kwa zida zazikulu zodula, pamene chida chodulira chimalephera, ogwiritsa ntchito nthawi zambiri akuyembekeza kupeza chida chatsopano chodula pokhapokha m'malo ang'onoang'ono komanso otsika mtengo. Izi ndi zoona makamaka pa grooving ndi wotopetsa zida.
10. Sankhani chida chimodzi kapena chida chamitundu yambiri
Zopangira zing'onozing'ono zimakhala zoyenera kwambiri pazida zophatikizika. Mwachitsanzo, chida multifunctional chimaphatikiza kubowola, kutembenuka, wotopetsa mkati, ulusi ndi chamfering. Zoonadi, zogwirira ntchito zovuta kwambiri ndizoyenera kwambiri pazida zambiri. Zida zamakina zimapindula kokha kwa inu pamene akudula, osati pamene ali pansi.
11. Sankhani chida chokhazikika kapena chida chosakhazikika
Ndi kutchuka kwa manambala control Machining (CNC), ambiri amakhulupirira kuti mawonekedwe a workpiece angapezeke kudzera mapulogalamu, m'malo kudalira zida, kotero sanali muyezo zipangizo sizikufunikanso. M'malo mwake, mipeni yosakhala yanthawi zonse imakhalabe ndi 15% ya malonda onse a mipeni. Chifukwa chiyani? Kugwiritsira ntchito zida zodulira kumatha kukwaniritsa zofunikira za kukula kwa workpiece, kuchepetsa ndondomekoyi ndikufupikitsa kayendetsedwe kake. Pakupanga misa, zida zodulira zosakhazikika zimatha kufupikitsa nthawi yokonza ndikuchepetsa ndalama.
12. Chip control
Kumbukirani, cholinga chanu ndikusindikiza chogwirira ntchito, osati tchipisi, koma tchipisi titha kuwonetsa bwino momwe chidacho chikudulira. Ponseponse, pali malingaliro olakwika okhudza kudula, popeza anthu ambiri sanaphunzitsidwe kutanthauzira. Kumbukirani mfundo iyi: tchipisi chabwino sichidzawononga ndondomekoyi, tchipisi zoipa zidzachita mosiyana. Zambiri mwazoyikapo zidapangidwa ndi zida zophulitsira chip, ndipo zophulitsira chip zimapangidwa molingana ndi kuchuluka kwa chakudya, kaya ndi kudula kopepuka kapena kudula movutikira. Chip chocheperako, chimakhala chovuta kwambiri kusweka. Kuwongolera kwa chip ndizovuta pazinthu zovuta kupanga makina. Ngakhale kuti zinthu zomwe ziyenera kukonzedwa sizingasinthidwe, zida zatsopano zingagwiritsidwe ntchito kusintha liwiro la kudula, mlingo wa chakudya, mlingo wa kudula, ngodya yozungulira ya mphuno ya chida, ndi zina zotero.
13. Kukonza mapulogalamu
Pamaso pa zida, workpieces ndi CNC Machining makina, nthawi zambiri kofunika kufotokoza njira zida. Momwemo, podziwa makina oyambira, ali ndi phukusi la CAM. Njira yopangira zida iyenera kuganizira za zida monga ramping angle, komwe kazungulira, chakudya, kuthamanga, ndi zina zotere. Chida chilichonse chili ndi njira zofananira zamapulogalamu kuti zifupikitse makina opanga, kukonza tchipisi, ndi kuchepetsa mphamvu zodulira. Phukusi labwino la pulogalamu ya CAM limatha kupulumutsa ntchito ndikuwonjezera zokolola.
14. Sankhani mipeni yatsopano kapena mipeni yokhwima yokhazikika
Pamlingo wapano wa chitukuko chaukadaulo, zokolola za zida zodulira zimatha kuwirikiza kawiri zaka 10 zilizonse. Poyerekeza magawo odulira a chida chomwe adalimbikitsa zaka 10 zapitazo, mupeza kuti chida chamasiku ano chimatha kuwirikiza kawiri kukonzanso, koma mphamvu yodulira imachepetsedwa ndi 30%. Matrix a alloy a chida chatsopano chodulira ndi cholimba ndipo chimakhala cholimba kwambiri, chomwe chimatha kuzindikira kuthamanga kwambiri komanso kutsika kwamphamvu. Ma chipbreaker ndi magiredi ali ndi mawonekedwe otsika komanso kusinthasintha kwakukulu. Panthawi imodzimodziyo, mipeni yamakono yawonjezera kusinthasintha komanso kusinthasintha, zomwe zimachepetsa kuwerengera ndi kukulitsa ntchito za zida. Kupanga zida zodulira kwadzetsanso malingaliro atsopano opangira ndi kukonza zinthu, monga ocheka a Bawang omwe ali ndi ntchito zotembenuza ndi grooving, komanso odula mphero, omwe alimbikitsa makina othamanga kwambiri, makina opangira mafuta ochepa (MQL) ndi teknoloji yotembenuza molimba. Kutengera pazifukwa pamwamba ndi zifukwa zina, inunso muyenera kutsatira njira processing ndi kuphunzira kudula chida luso, apo ayi mudzakhala pachiwopsezo kugwa.
15. Mtengo
Ngakhale mtengo wa chidacho ndi wofunikira, siwofunika kwambiri monga mtengo wopangira chidacho. Ngakhale kuti mpeni uli ndi mtengo wakewake, mtengo wa mpeni uli pa ntchito imene umagwira kuti ugwire ntchito. Nthawi zambiri, mipeni yotsika mtengo ndi yomwe imapangitsa kuti pakhale ndalama zambiri zopangira. Mtengo wa zida zodula umakhala ndi 3% yokha ya mtengo wagawolo. Choncho yang'anani kwambiri pakupanga kwa mipeni yanu, osati mtengo wawo wogula.
Nthawi yotumiza: Jan-27-2018
