1. Makina azitsulo
1. Malo otulutsa (σs)
Pamene chitsulo kapena chitsanzo chatambasulidwa, pamene kupanikizika kumadutsa malire otanuka, ngakhale ngati kupanikizika sikukuwonjezeka, chitsulo kapena chitsanzo chikupitirizabe kusinthika kwa pulasitiki. Chodabwitsa ichi chimatchedwa kugonja, ndipo kupanikizika kochepa pamene kukolola kumachitika ndi malo okolola. Lolani Ps kukhala mphamvu yakunja pa zokolola s, ndipo Fo kukhala gawo la gawo lachitsanzo, ndiye zokolola σs =Ps/Fo(MPa).
2. Mphamvu zokolola (σ0.2)
Zokolola zazinthu zina zachitsulo ndizosawoneka bwino, ndipo zimakhala zovuta kuyeza. Choncho, pofuna kuyeza makhalidwe a zokolola za zinthuzo, kupsinjika maganizo pamene kusinthika kotsalira kwa pulasitiki kumakhala kofanana ndi mtengo wina (nthawi zambiri 0,2% ya kutalika koyambirira) kumatchulidwa, komwe kumatchedwa chikhalidwe. Kutulutsa mphamvu kapena kungopereka mphamvu σ0.2.
3. Kulimba mtima (σb)
Kupanikizika kwakukulu kwamtengo wapatali komwe kumafikira ndi zinthu kuyambira pachiyambi mpaka nthawi ya kupasuka panthawi yotambasula. Zimayimira kuthekera kwachitsulo kukana kusweka. Zogwirizana ndi mphamvu zamakokedwe ndi mphamvu zopondereza, mphamvu zosunthika, ndi zina zotero. Lolani Pb ikhale mphamvu yowonjezereka yofikira zinthu zisanathyoledwe, ndipo Fo kukhala gawo la gawo lachitsanzo, ndiye mphamvu yokhazikika σb=Pb/Fo (MPa). ).
4. Kutalikira (δs)
Zinthuzo zitasweka, kuchuluka kwa kutalika kwa pulasitiki mpaka kutalika kwa chitsanzo choyambirira kumatchedwa elongation kapena elongation.
5. Chiŵerengero cha zokolola (σs/σb)
Chiŵerengero cha mfundo zokolola (mphamvu zokolola) za chitsulo ku mphamvu yamphamvu imatchedwa chiŵerengero cha zokolola. Kuchuluka kwa zokolola kumapangitsanso kudalirika kwa magawo apangidwe. Nthawi zambiri, chiŵerengero cha zokolola za carbon zitsulo ndi 0.6-0.65, chachitsulo chochepa cha alloy structural 0.65-0.75, ndi cha alloy structural zitsulo ndi 0.84-0.86.
6. Kuuma
Kuuma kumasonyeza mphamvu ya chinthu kukana kukanikiza chinthu cholimba pamwamba pake. Ndi chimodzi mwa zizindikiro zofunika kwambiri za ntchito zachitsulo. Nthawi zambiri, kuuma kwapamwamba, kumakhala bwino kukana kuvala. Zizindikiro zowuma zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito nthawi zambiri ndi Brinell hardness, Rockwell hardness ndi Vickers hardness.
1) Kuuma kwa Brinell (HB)
Kanikizani mpira wachitsulo wowuma wa kukula kwake (kawirikawiri 10mm m'mimba mwake) pamwamba pa zinthuzo ndi katundu wina (nthawi zambiri 3000kg) ndikusunga kwa nthawi. Pambuyo pochotsa katunduyo, chiŵerengero cha katundu kumalo olowera ndi Brinell hardness value (HB).
2) Kuuma kwa Rockwell (HR)
Pamene HB>450 kapena chitsanzocho chiri chochepa kwambiri, kuyesa kwa Brinell kuuma sikungagwiritsidwe ntchito ndipo muyeso wa kuuma kwa Rockwell uyenera kugwiritsidwa ntchito m'malo mwake. Imagwiritsa ntchito kolona ya diamondi yokhala ndi ngodya ya 120 ° kapena mpira wachitsulo wokhala ndi mainchesi 1.59 ndi 3.18mm kukanikizira pamwamba pa zinthu zomwe zimayenera kuyesedwa pansi pa katundu wina, ndipo kuuma kwa zinthuzo kumachokera. kuya kwa indentation. Malinga ndi kuuma kwa zinthu zoyeserera, zitha kufotokozedwa mumiyeso itatu yosiyana:
HRA: Ndiko kuuma komwe kumapezeka pogwiritsa ntchito katundu wa 60kg ndi cholozera cha diamondi, ndipo amagwiritsidwa ntchito pazinthu zolimba kwambiri (monga simenti carbide, etc.).
HRB: Ndiko kuuma komwe kumapezeka pogwiritsa ntchito katundu wa 100kg ndi mpira wolimba wachitsulo wokhala ndi mainchesi a 1.58mm. Amagwiritsidwa ntchito pazinthu zomwe zimakhala ndi kuuma kochepa (monga chitsulo chosungunuka, chitsulo chosungunuka, ndi zina zotero).
HRC: Ndiko kuuma komwe kumapezeka pogwiritsa ntchito 150kg katundu ndi diamondi cone indenter, ndipo amagwiritsidwa ntchito pazinthu zolimba kwambiri (monga chitsulo cholimba, etc.).
3) Vickers kuuma (HV)
Gwiritsani ntchito diamondi square cone indenter yokhala ndi katundu wosakwana 120kg ndi vertex angle ya 136 ° kuti musindikize pamwamba pa zinthuzo, ndikugawaniza pamwamba pa dzenje la indentation ndi mtengo wa katundu kuti mupeze mtengo wa Vickers kuuma (HV). ).
2. Zitsulo zachitsulo komanso zopanda chitsulo
1. Chitsulo chachitsulo
Amatanthauza aloyi wa chitsulo ndi chitsulo. Monga chitsulo, chitsulo cha nkhumba, ferroalloy, chitsulo chosungunula, ndi zina zotero. Zonse zitsulo ndi zitsulo za nkhumba ndizitsulo zochokera ku chitsulo ndi carbon monga chinthu chachikulu chowonjezera, chomwe chimatchedwa chitsulo-carbon alloys.
Chitsulo cha nkhumba chimatanthawuza chinthu chomwe chimapangidwa posungunula chitsulo mu ng'anjo yophulika, yomwe imagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri popanga zitsulo ndi kuponyera.
Kusungunula chitsulo cha nkhumba mu ng'anjo yachitsulo kuti mupeze chitsulo chosungunula (aloyi yachitsulo-carbon alloy yokhala ndi mpweya woposa 2.11%), ndikuponyera chitsulo choponyedwa muzitsulo, chitsulo chamtunduwu chimatchedwa chitsulo choponyedwa.
Ferroalloy ndi aloyi wopangidwa ndi chitsulo, pakachitsulo, manganese, chromium, titaniyamu ndi zinthu zina. Ferroalloy ndi imodzi mwazinthu zopangira zitsulo. Amagwiritsidwa ntchito ngati deoxidizer ndi alloy element zowonjezera pazitsulo pakupanga zitsulo.
Mafuta achitsulo a carbon okhala ndi mpweya wochepera 2.11% amatchedwa chitsulo, ndipo chitsulo chimapezeka poyika chitsulo cha nkhumba chopangira zitsulo mu ng'anjo yopangira zitsulo ndikuchisungunula motsatira ndondomeko inayake. Zopangira zitsulo zimaphatikizapo zitsulo zachitsulo, ma slabs osalekeza ndikuponyera mwachindunji muzitsulo zosiyanasiyana. Nthawi zambiri, chitsulo nthawi zambiri chimatanthawuza chitsulo chokulungidwa muzinthu zosiyanasiyana zachitsulo.
2. Zitsulo zopanda chitsulo
Zomwe zimadziwikanso kuti zitsulo zopanda chitsulo, zimatanthawuza zitsulo ndi aloyi zina osati zitsulo zachitsulo, monga mkuwa, malata, lead, zinki, aluminiyamu, ndi mkuwa, mkuwa, zitsulo zotayidwa, ndi ma alloys okhala. Kuphatikiza apo, chromium, nickel, manganese, molybdenum, cobalt, vanadium, tungsten, titaniyamu, ndi zina zambiri zimagwiritsidwanso ntchito m'makampani. Zitsulozi zimagwiritsidwa ntchito makamaka ngati zowonjezera zowonjezera kuti zitsulo zigwire bwino ntchito. Pakati pawo, tungsten, titaniyamu, molybdenum, ndi zina zambiri zimagwiritsidwa ntchito popanga mipeni. aloyi wolimba. Zitsulo zopanda chitsulo zomwe zili pamwambazi zimatchedwa zitsulo zamafakitale, kuwonjezera pazitsulo zamtengo wapatali: platinamu, golide, siliva, ndi zina zotero ndi zitsulo zosowa, kuphatikizapo uranium, radium, etc.
3. Gulu lachitsulo
Kuphatikiza pa chitsulo ndi kaboni, zinthu zazikulu zachitsulo zimaphatikizapo silicon, manganese, sulfure ndi phosphorous.
Pali mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya zitsulo, ndipo njira zazikulu ndi izi:
1. Zimagawidwa ndi khalidwe
(1) Chitsulo wamba (P≤0.045%, S≤0.050%)
(2) Chitsulo chapamwamba (onse P ndi S≤0.035%)
(3) Chitsulo chapamwamba (P≤0.035%, S≤0.030%)
2. Gulu ndi mankhwala
(1) Chitsulo cha carbon: a. Chitsulo chochepa cha carbon (C≤0.25%); b. Sing'anga mpweya zitsulo (C≤0.25 ~ 0,60%); c. Zitsulo zapamwamba za carbon (C≤0.60%).
(2) Chitsulo chachitsulo: a. Chitsulo chochepa cha alloy (chiwerengero chonse cha zinthu zowonjezera ≤ 5%); b. Sing'anga aloyi zitsulo (okwana zili aloyi zinthu> 5-10%); c. Chitsulo chachikulu cha aloyi (chiwerengero chonse cha zinthu zowonjezera> 10% %).
3. Amasankhidwa popanga njira
(1) zitsulo zopukutira; (2) zitsulo; (3) chitsulo choyaka moto; (4) Chitsulo chozizira.
4. Gulu molingana ndi kapangidwe ka metallographic
(1) Chikhalidwe chowonjezera: a. zitsulo za hypoeutectoid (ferrite + pearlite); b. eutectoid zitsulo (pearlite); c. hypereutectoid zitsulo (pearlite + simenti); d. Chitsulo cholimba (pearlite + simenti).
(2) Mkhalidwe wokhazikika: a. chitsulo cha pearlitic; b. chitsulo cholimba; c. zitsulo za martensitic; d. austenitic chitsulo.
(3) Palibe kusintha kwa gawo kapena kusintha pang'ono
5. Kugawa ndi cholinga
(1) Chitsulo cha zomangamanga ndi zomangamanga: a. Wamba mpweya structural chitsulo; b. Low aloyi zomangamanga zitsulo; c. Chitsulo cholimbitsa.
(2) Chitsulo:
a. Chitsulo chopangira makina: (a) Chitsulo chozimitsidwa ndi kutenthedwa; (b) Chitsulo cholimba chapamwamba: kuphatikiza chitsulo chosungira, chitsulo cha ammoniated, ndi chitsulo cholimba chapamwamba; (c) Chitsulo chosavuta chodulidwa; (d) Cold plasticity Chitsulo chopangira: kuphatikiza chitsulo chopondaponda chozizira ndi chitsulo chamutu wozizira.
b. Spring zitsulo
c. Kukhala ndi zitsulo
(3) Chitsulo chachitsulo: a. carbon chida chitsulo; b. aloyi chida chitsulo; c. chida chothamanga kwambiri.
(4) Chitsulo chapadera cha ntchito: a. Chitsulo chosapanga dzimbiri chosapanga asidi; b. Chitsulo chosagwira kutentha: kuphatikiza chitsulo chotsutsa-oxidation, chitsulo champhamvu cha kutentha, chitsulo cha valve; c. Magetsi Kutentha aloyi zitsulo; d. Chitsulo chosavala; e. Kutentha kwachitsulo chochepa; f. Chitsulo chamagetsi.
(5) Chitsulo chogwiritsira ntchito akatswiri-monga zitsulo za milatho, zitsulo za zombo, zitsulo zopangira boilers, zitsulo zazitsulo zokakamiza, zitsulo zamakina zaulimi, etc.
6. Gulu lathunthu
(1) Chitsulo wamba
a. Kaboni structural zitsulo: (a) Q195; (b) Q215 (A, B); (c) Q235 (A, B, C); (d) Q255 (A, B); (e) Q275.
b. Low aloyi structural zitsulo
c. Wamba structural zitsulo zolinga zenizeni
(2) Chitsulo chapamwamba (kuphatikiza chitsulo chapamwamba kwambiri)
a. zitsulo Structural: (a) apamwamba mpweya structural zitsulo; (b) aloyi structural zitsulo; (c) zitsulo zachitsulo; (d) zitsulo zopanda pake; (e) kunyamula zitsulo; (f) Chitsulo chapamwamba kwambiri pazifukwa zinazake.
b. Chida chitsulo: (a) carbon chida chitsulo; (b) Chitsulo cha aloyi; (c) Chitsulo chothamanga kwambiri.
c. Chitsulo chapadera: (a) chitsulo chosapanga dzimbiri chosapanga asidi; (b) chitsulo chosagwira kutentha; (c) chitsulo chotenthetsera chamagetsi; (d) zitsulo zamagetsi; (e) Chitsulo chachikulu cha manganese chosamva kuvala.
7. Amagawidwa ndi njira yosungunulira
(1) Malinga ndi mtundu wa ng'anjo
a. Chitsulo chosinthira: (a) chitsulo chosinthira acidic; (b) chitsulo chosinthira choyambira. Kapena (a) chitsulo chosinthira kumunsi; (b) chitsulo chosinthira mbali chowombeza; (c) chitsulo chosinthira pamwamba chowomberedwa.
b. Chitsulo cha ng'anjo yamagetsi: (a) chitsulo cha ng'anjo yamagetsi yamagetsi; (b) electroslag ng'anjo zitsulo; (c) zitsulo zopangira ng'anjo; (d) vacuum consumable ng'anjo zitsulo; (e) chitsulo chamoto cha electron.
(2) Malinga ndi mlingo wa deoxidation ndi kutsanulira dongosolo
a. Chitsulo chowiritsa; b. Semi-anapha zitsulo; c. Anaphedwa zitsulo; d. Chitsulo chapadera chophedwa.
4. Chidule cha njira zoyimira zitsulo za dziko langa
Chiwonetsero chamagulu azinthu nthawi zambiri chimawonetsedwa ndi kuphatikiza kwa zilembo zaku China za pinyin, zizindikiro zamankhwala ndi manambala achiarabu. Pompano:
①Makhemikolo omwe ali m'magulu azitsulo amaimiridwa ndi zizindikiro zamitundu yapadziko lonse lapansi, monga Si, Mn, Cr…etc. Zinthu zapadziko lapansi zosakanizika zosowa zimayimiriridwa ndi “RE” (kapena “Xt”).
②Dzina la malonda, kagwiritsidwe ntchito, kusungunula ndi njira zothira, ndi zina zambiri zimaimiridwa ndi zilembo zachidule za Chinese Pinyin.
③Chinthu chachikulu chamankhwala (%) muzitsulo chimayimiridwa ndi manambala achiarabu.
Zilembo zaku China zikagwiritsidwa ntchito kuwonetsa dzina lachidziwitso, kagwiritsidwe ntchito, mawonekedwe ndi njira zopangira, chilembo choyamba chimasankhidwa kuchokera ku zilembo zaku China zomwe zimayimira dzina lazogulitsa. Pamene abwerezedwa ndi chilembo chosankhidwa ndi chinthu china, chilembo chachiwiri kapena chilembo chachitatu chingagwiritsiridwe ntchito mmalo mwake, kapena chilembo choyamba cha pinyin cha zilembo ziwiri za Chitchaina zikhoza kusankhidwa nthawi imodzi.
Ngati palibe zilembo zaku China ndi pinyin zomwe zilipo pakadali pano, zizindikilo zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito ndi zilembo zachingerezi.
Kasanu, kugawikana kwa njira yoyimira zitsulo zamakalasi m'dziko langa
1. Matchulidwe njira ya carbon structural zitsulo ndi otsika aloyi mkulu-mphamvu structural chitsulo
Chitsulo chomwe chimagwiritsidwa ntchito pamwambapa chimagawidwa m'magulu awiri: zitsulo zonse ndi zitsulo zapadera. Njira yowonetsera kalasiyo imapangidwa ndi zilembo za pinyin zachi China za mfundo zokolola kapena mphamvu zokolola zachitsulo, mtengo wamtengo wapatali kapena mphamvu zokolola, kalasi yamtengo wapatali yachitsulo, ndi mlingo wa deoxidation wachitsulo, lomwe kwenikweni limapangidwa ndi magawo 4.
①Chitsulo chokhazikika chimatengera chilembo cha pinyin "Q" kuyimira malo okolola. Mtengo wa zokolola (gawo ndi MPa) ndi magiredi apamwamba (A, B, C, D, E) ndi njira ya deoxidation (F, b, Z, TZ) ndi zizindikilo zina zomwe zafotokozedwa mu Gulu 1 zimapanga kalasi mwadongosolo. Mwachitsanzo: mpweya structural zitsulo makalasi akufotokozedwa monga: Q235AF, Q235BZ; otsika aloyi mkulu-mphamvu structural zitsulo magiredi amasonyezedwa monga: Q345C, Q345D.
Q235BZ imatanthawuza kuphedwa chitsulo chopangidwa ndi mpweya chokhala ndi zokolola zamtengo wapatali ≥ 235MPa ndi mtundu wa B.
Magiredi awiri a Q235 ndi Q345 ndi magiredi ambiri azitsulo zamainjiniya, magiredi okhala ndi kupanga ndi kugwiritsa ntchito kwakukulu, komanso magiredi omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri. Maphunziro awiriwa amapezeka pafupifupi mayiko onse padziko lapansi.
M'kalasi ya carbon structural zitsulo, chizindikiro cha "Z" cha chitsulo chophedwa ndi chizindikiro cha "TZ" chachitsulo chophedwa chapadera chikhoza kuchotsedwa, mwachitsanzo: kwa Q235 zitsulo zokhala ndi giredi C ndi D motsatana, magiredi ayenera kukhala Q235CZ. ndi Q235DTZ, Koma ikhoza kusiyidwa ngati Q235C ndi Q235D.
Chitsulo chochepa champhamvu champhamvu kwambiri chimaphatikizapo chitsulo chophedwa ndi chitsulo chapadera chophedwa, koma chizindikiro chosonyeza njira ya deoxidation sichimawonjezedwa kumapeto kwa kalasi.
②Chitsulo chapadera chimasonyezedwa ndi chizindikiro "Q" chomwe chimayimira malo opangira zitsulo, mtengo wa zokolola, ndi zizindikiro zoimira ntchito zomwe zatchulidwa mu Table 1, mwachitsanzo: kalasi yachitsulo yazitsulo zoponderezedwa. monga "Q345R"; kalasi ya Weathering zitsulo Kufotokozedwa ngati Q340NH; Q295HP zitsulo magiredi kwa kuwotcherera ma silinda gasi; Q390g zitsulo kalasi kwa boilers; Q420q zitsulo kalasi kwa milatho.
③Malingana ndi zofunikira, kutchulidwa kwa chitsulo chochepa champhamvu champhamvu champhamvu champhamvu champhamvu kutha kugwiritsanso ntchito manambala awiri achiarabu (zosonyeza pafupifupi mpweya wa carbon, m'magawo zikwi khumi) ndi zizindikiro za mankhwala, zomwe zimafotokozedwa mwadongosolo; Chitsulo chapadera chokhala ndi aloyi champhamvu champhamvu kwambiri Dzina lachidziwitso litha kufotokozedwanso motsatizana pogwiritsa ntchito manambala awiri achiarabu (kuwonetsa pafupifupi mpweya wa carbon m'magawo zikwi khumi), zizindikiro za mankhwala, ndi zizindikiro zina zomwe zimayimira kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwala.
2. Njira yoyimira zitsulo zamtengo wapatali za carbon structural steel ndi carbon spring steel steel
Chitsulo chapamwamba kwambiri cha carbon structural chimatenga kuphatikiza kwa manambala awiri achiarabu (zomwe zikuwonetsa kuchuluka kwa mpweya mu zikwi khumi) kapena manambala achiarabu ndi zizindikiro za zinthu.
① Pazitsulo zowiritsa ndi zitsulo zophedwa pang'onopang'ono, zizindikiro "F" ndi "b" zimawonjezeredwa kumapeto kwa kalasi. Mwachitsanzo, kalasi ya zitsulo zowira zomwe zimakhala ndi mpweya wambiri wa 0.08% zimawonetsedwa ngati "08F"; kalasi ya theka-anaphedwa zitsulo ndi avareji mpweya zili 0.10% amafotokozedwa ngati "10b".
② Chitsulo chophedwa (S, P≤0.035% motsatira) nthawi zambiri sichimalembedwa ndi zizindikiro. Mwachitsanzo: chitsulo chophedwa chokhala ndi mpweya wapakati pa 0.45%, kalasi yake imawonetsedwa ngati "45".
③ Pazitsulo zapamwamba za carbon structural zomwe zili ndi manganese apamwamba, chizindikiro cha manganese chimawonjezeredwa pambuyo pa manambala achiarabu omwe amasonyeza kuti ali ndi mpweya wambiri. Mwachitsanzo: chitsulo chokhala ndi mpweya wambiri wa 0,50% ndi manganese 0,70% mpaka 1.00%, kalasi yake imafotokozedwa ngati "50Mn".
④ Pazitsulo zapamwamba kwambiri za carbon structural (S, P≤0.030% motsatira), onjezani chizindikiro "A" pambuyo pa giredi. Mwachitsanzo: chitsulo chapamwamba kwambiri cha carbon structural chitsulo chokhala ndi mpweya wapakati pa 0,45%, kalasi yake imafotokozedwa ngati "45A".
⑤Chitsulo chapamwamba kwambiri cha carbon structural steel (S≤0.020%, P≤0.025%), onjezerani chizindikiro cha "E" pambuyo pa giredi. Mwachitsanzo: apamwamba apamwamba mpweya structural zitsulo ndi pafupifupi mpweya zili 0,45%, kalasi ake akufotokozedwa ngati "45E".
Njira yoyimira magiredi apamwamba kwambiri a carbon spring steel ndi ofanana ndi apamwamba kwambiri a carbon structural steel grade (65, 70, 85, 65Mn zitsulo zilipo muzochita zonse za GB/T1222 ndi GB/T699 motsatana).
3. Matchulidwe njira aloyi structural zitsulo ndi aloyi kasupe zitsulo
① Alloy structural steel grade amaimiridwa ndi manambala achiarabu ndi zizindikiro zodziwika za mankhwala.
Gwiritsani ntchito manambala awiri achiarabu kuti muwonetse kuchuluka kwa mpweya wa carbon (m'gawo lililonse pa masauzande khumi), ndipo ikani pamwamba pa girediyo.
Njira yofotokozera za zinthu za alloy ndi motere: pamene pafupifupi zomwe zili mkati ndi zosakwana 1.50%, chinthu chokhacho chimasonyezedwa mumtundu, ndipo zomwe zili sizimasonyezedwa; pafupifupi aloyi zili 1.50% ~2.49%, 2.50%～3.49%, 3.50% ~4.49%, 4.50% ~ 5.49%, ..., lolembedwa monga 2, 3, 4, 5 ... pambuyo aloyi zinthu.
Mwachitsanzo: pafupifupi zili carbon, chromium, manganese, ndi pakachitsulo ndi motero 0,30%, 0.95%, 0,85%, ndi 1.05% aloyi structural zitsulo. Pamene zomwe zili mu S ndi P ndi ≤0.035%, kalasiyo imawonetsedwa ngati "30CrMnSi".
Chitsulo chapamwamba chapamwamba cha alloy structural steel (S, P okhutira ≤0.025% motsatira), chosonyezedwa powonjezera chizindikiro "A" kumapeto kwa kalasi. Mwachitsanzo: "30CrMnSiA".
Kwa chitsulo chapadera chapamwamba kwambiri chazitsulo (S≤0.015%, P≤0.025%), onjezerani chizindikiro "E" kumapeto kwa kalasi, mwachitsanzo: "30CrM nSiE".
Kwa magiredi apadera azitsulo zazitsulo, chizindikiro chomwe chikuyimira kugwiritsidwa ntchito kwazinthu zomwe zafotokozedwa mu Gulu 1 ziyenera kuwonjezeredwa kumutu (kapena mchira) wa girediyo. Mwachitsanzo, chitsulo cha 30CrMnSi chomwe chimagwiritsidwa ntchito makamaka popangira zomangira, nambala yachitsulo imawonetsedwa ngati ML30CrMnSi.
②Njira yoyimira giredi ya alloy spring steel ndi yofanana ndi ya alloy structural chitsulo.
Mwachitsanzo: pafupifupi zili carbon, pakachitsulo, ndi manganese motero 0.60%, 1.75%, ndi 0,75% ya zitsulo masika, ndipo kalasi yake akufotokozedwa ngati "60Si2Mn". Kwa zitsulo zamtengo wapatali za masika, onjezerani chizindikiro "A" kumapeto kwa kalasi, ndipo kalasi yake imawonetsedwa ngati "60Si2MnA".
4. Kalasi yazitsulo zopanda malire
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Nthawi yotumiza: Jun-21-2023
